Year: 2022

FIRST CLASSIFICATION. "In 1966, Japanese meteorologists Choji Magono and Chung Woo Lee established 80 unique classifications of ice crystals, including cups, needles, bullets and scrolls." https://lnkd.in/dg5wgRX View in LinkedIn

MODIFIED CLASSIFICATION. "One hundred twenty one forms of falling ice: the new snow classification system. Magono and Lee did not include at least one very common type as well as a few other interesting types. This major omission was snow-crystal aggregates, generally known as “snowflakes” by meteorologists." http://www.storyofsnow.com/blog1.php/one-hundred-twenty-one-forms-of-falling-ice-the-new-snow-classification-system View in LinkedIn

SNOWFLAKES IN PHOTOGRAPHS. "For almost a century, W. A. Bentley caught and photographed thousands of snowflakes in his workshop at Jericho, Vermont, and made available to scientists and art instructors samples of his remarkable work. His painstakingly prepared images were remarkable revelations of nature's diversity in uniformity: no two snowflakes are exactly alike, but all are based on a common hexagon." https://lnkd.in/dCpMJMA View in LinkedIn

"SNOWFLAKES Hardcover (2008) by Kenneth Libbrecht (Author). A lovely guide. https://lnkd.in/ddmNJRy View in LinkedIn

SNOWFLAKE IMAGES. "Don Komarechka has spent more than 2500 hours photographing snowflakes. Over the past five years, the 29-year-old Canadian has dedicated his winters to obsessively capturing their geometric peculiarities and tiny asymmetries—which means he has to get them before they melt." https://lnkd.in/du5tjyw View in LinkedIn

TIME LAPSES of a growing snowflakes. "These are not computer simulations, but are real slivers of ice grown in the laboratory. I photograph the crystals as they grow, controlling their shapes by changing the temperature and humidity as they form. The final shape depends on the entire growth history." http://www.snowcrystals.com/videos/videos.html View in LinkedIn

DEATH OF A SNOWFLAKE. "Shortly after snow precipitation, every single snowflake experiences unique structural changes determined by its specific geometry, dimensions, orientation, and local environment. Accompanied by the physical rearrangement of snowflakes, these changes result in the structural evolution of the snowpack over time. The process is known as snow metamorphism." Lovely article. https://lnkd.in/dU4PZ_d View in LinkedIn

MACRO REFLECTS MICRO. "Kepler pondered the question of why snow crystals always exhibit a six-fold symmetry. Although he doesn't refer to the atomistic viewpoint, Kepler does speculate that the hexagonal close-packing of spheres may have something to do with the morphology of snow crystals." https://lnkd.in/dmA4BAK View in LinkedIn

SHAPE FORMERS. "It is in the lexicon of crystal growth that the shape of a growing crystal reflects the underlying microscopic architecture. Although it is known that in weakly nonequilibrium conditions the slowest growing orientations ultimately dominate the asymptotic shape, is the same true for melting?" https://lnkd.in/dwdQa8X View in LinkedIn

MELT SHAPES. "Here we observe and show theoretically that while the two-dimensional steady melt shapes of ice are bounded by six planes, these planes are not proper facets but instead are rotated 30 degrees from the prism planes of ice. Finally, the transient melting state exposes 12 apparent crystallographic planes thereby differing substantially from the transient growth state." https://lnkd.in/dwdQa8X View in LinkedIn