Year: 2022

LIMITED ONLY BY OUR DESIGN. "As computers become more powerful, the creation of virtual actors, whether animal, human, or completely unearthly, may be limited mainly by our ability to design them, rather than our ability to satisfy their computational requirements. A control system that someday actually generates “intelligent” behavior might tend to be a complex mess beyond our understanding." (Karl Sims). https://lnkd.in/dh-4NJm View in LinkedIn

RANDOM CREATIVITY. "Evolutionary design...can often solve problems better than we can using our own intelligence." https://lnkd.in/d4b3fY4 View in LinkedIn

DOG IS MY COPILOT. "Sims agrees with Oxford zoologist Richard Dawkins, who makes the case in The Blind Watchmaker that the universe did not require an intelligent agent to establish evolution. Sims adds, "I think we are an example." https://lnkd.in/dD4T763 View in LinkedIn

VIRTUAL EVOLUTION. "It is convenient to use the biological terms genotype and phenotype when discussing artificial evolution. A genotype is a coded representation of a possible individual or problem solution. In biological systems, a genotype is usually composed of DNA and contains the instructions for the development of an organism." https://lnkd.in/dh-4NJm View in LinkedIn

ARTIFICIAL GENOTYPES AND PHENOTYPES. "Genetic algorithms typically use populations of genotypes consisting of strings of binary digits or parameters. These are read to produce phenotypes which are then evaluated according to some fitness criteria and selectively reproduced. New genotypes are generated by copying, mutating, and/or combining the genotypes of the most fit individuals, and as the cycle repeats the population should ascend to higher and higher levels of fitness.” https://lnkd.in/dh-4NJm View in LinkedIn

CRITERIA FOR ARTIFICIAL LIFE (Farmer). "1. Life is a pattern in space-time; 2. Self reproduction; 3. Information storage of self-representation; 4. A metabolism; 5. Functional interactions with the environment; 6. Interdependence of parts; 7. Stability under perturbations; 8. The ability to evolve; 9. Growth or expansion." https://lnkd.in/dXsqH3b View in LinkedIn

ARTIFICIAL EVOLUTION. "An evolution of virtual creatures is begun by first creating an initial population of genotypes. A survival-ratio determines the percentage of the population that will survive each generation. The individuals whose fitnesses fall within the survival percentile are then reproduced, and their offspring fill the slots of those individuals that did not survive. The survivors are kept in the population for the next generation, and the total size of the population is maintained." https://lnkd.in/dh-4NJm View in LinkedIn

DIGITAL EVOLUTION. "Avida is basically an artificial petri dish in which organisms not only reproduce, but also perform mathematical calculations to obtain rewards. The reward is more computing time that they can use for making copies of themselves. Avida randomly adds mutations to the copies, thus spurring natural selection and evolution." https://lnkd.in/d4b3fY4 View in LinkedIn

AVIDA. "The organisms exist as sequences of self-replicating computer code. The digital bugs evolve at lightning speed, and they leave tracks for scientists to study." https://lnkd.in/d4b3fY4 View in LinkedIn

"AVIDA is an auto-adaptive genetic system designed primarily for use as a platform in Digital or Artificial Life research. The Avida system is based on concepts similar to those employed by the tierra program developed by Tom Ray. In lay terms, Avida is a digital world in which simple computer programs mutate and evolve. " https://lnkd.in/dZqxxrU View in LinkedIn