Year: 2022

WHOLE HOUSE ACTIVATED CARBON UNITS. "SBAC (larger) units begin at about US$330, but generally cost about US$2500. Replacement filters are needed about once a year. SBAC replacement filters cost about US$0.07 per gallon of water treated." This or cancer? http://lnkd.in/dna7M4i View in LinkedIn

CHLORINE IS A SELECTIVE PRESSURE to aquatic pathogens, just as antibiotics is a selective pressure to other pathogens. Fast-mutating and highly adaptable creatures like microorganisms make a living finding metabolic work-arounds by genetic variation. Like static molecule antibiotics, chlorine will follow that same fateful path of driving resistant pathogen development. View in LinkedIn

TECHNOLOGY STASIS. "For the first 75 years of this century, chemical clarification, granular media filtration, and chlorination were virtually the only treatment processes used in municipal water treatment." Time to wake up and catch up with the considerable amount of innovation in almost every other field. http://lnkd.in/dmxbCAh View in LinkedIn

NEW POSSIBILITIES. "However, the past 20 years have seen a dramatic change in the water industry's approach to water treatment in which water utilities have started to seriously consider alternative treatment technologies to the traditional filtration/chlorination treatment approach." http://lnkd.in/dmxbCAh View in LinkedIn

INNOVATION NEEDED. "Global water demand is projected to increase by 55% between 2000 and 2050, by which time more than 40% of the global population may be under severe water stress. With about 70% of the world's fresh water supply being used for agricultural irrigation ... there is huge scope - and need - for technological innovation." http://ec.europa.eu/digital-agenda/futurium/en/content/future-water View in LinkedIn

DO NEW WATER TECHNOLOGIES STAND A CHANCE? It is vital for water purification startups to partner with a big provider, and the cost-driven markets for water are tough to crack. The relatively small number of providers and a general resistance to any change presents significant challenges to water innovators. Unless at POU/POE. http://lnkd.in/dNmfEuV View in LinkedIn

THE SEA OF MISINFORMATION. "The Indian market is inundated with water purifiers, with each making some claim or the other about protection from bacteria, viruses and associated waterborne diseases. Unfortunately, most of the claims are exaggerated, making it very difficult for the consumer to gauge the efficacy of the purifier." http://www.dnaindia.com/money/report-how-consumer-expectations-will-change-water-purifiers-in-future-1638921 View in LinkedIn

PURIFICATION CHANGES UNDERWAY. "Ultraviolet light (UV), ozone treatment, and improved filtration can eliminate the use of chlorine and hazardous by-products in water treatment systems. Hundreds of municipalities around the world are already using these alternative disinfection technologies ... These include Amsterdam ... Nice and Paris ... Berlin, Munich and Muenster." http://www.zerowasteamerica.org/watertreatment.htm View in LinkedIn

SWIMMING POOL DISINFECTION USING SALT is highly effective, and operates in the same way as sea water works. The chlorine problem is deeply compounded in public swimming pools forming a range of inhaled toxins. "Chlorine-free alternatives that use oxygen, ozone, UV, ionic treatment and other methods are available to disinfect swimming pools." http://www.zerowasteamerica.org/watertreatment.htm View in LinkedIn

SEEDS OF A REVOLUTION IN WATER PURIFICATION. A review of some far out possibilities in our water future. Remarkably, the range of innovation in this field lags innovation in other fields, possibly in part due to the monopoly of the providers. http://lnkd.in/dTHvaJq View in LinkedIn