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GENE INDUCTION. "In trees, the transcription factor gene ZFP2 is rapidly induced in response to bending. Interestingly, this induction can be attenuated after multiple bending events, suggesting that plants are able to record the number of mechanical perturbations, albeit through an unknown mechanism." https://lnkd.in/dv9swtZ View in LinkedIn

TOUCH GENES. "The timing of the induction of most TCH genes is between 5 and 30 minutes after the application of stimuli, suggesting a role in the early response to touch stimulation. The cml24 (tch2) mutation affects root morphology on hard agar and is implicated in microtubule structure and starvation-induced autophagy but a functional role for TCH genes in thigmomorphogenesis has yet to be established." https://lnkd.in/dv9swtZ View in LinkedIn

DEFENSE AND WOUND GENES. "The best characterized of these in Arabidopsis are the TOUCH (TCH) genes, which encode calmodulins and calmodulin-like proteins, cell wall-modifying enzymes, and wound- and defense-inducible genes." https://lnkd.in/dv9swtZ View in LinkedIn

TOUCH-INDUCED GENES. "These genes encode proteins involved in various cellular processes including calcium sensing, cell wall modifications, and defence. Twenty-three per cent of these up-regulated genes contain a recently identified promoter element involved in the rapid induction in transcript levels following mechanical perturbations." https://lnkd.in/dbRzjKM View in LinkedIn

TOUCH MEDIATORS. "Various signalling molecules and phytohormones, including intracellular calcium, jasmonates, ethylene, abscisic acid, auxin, brassinosteroids, nitric oxide, and reactive oxygen species, have been implicated in touch responses. Many genes are induced following touch." https://lnkd.in/dbRzjKM View in LinkedIn

GENE UPREGULATION. "Plants also respond to touch in the short-term, though how these events are connected to long-term changes in body plan remains unclear. Following a single touch event, plants rapidly upregulate a large number of genes; in Arabidopsis as much as 2.5% of its genome." https://lnkd.in/dv9swtZ View in LinkedIn

CRITICAL THRESHOLD. "Understanding the mechanisms underlying the morphological divergence of species is one of the central goals of evolutionary biology. How many genes contribute to species divergence?" https://lnkd.in/dGSGXuT View in LinkedIn

BROAD EFFECTS OF REGULATORS. "These lines of evidence link VIP3 to stem thigmomorphogenesis. We also present evidence that other components of the Paf1 complex are required for thigmomorphic responses in both the stem and the root." https://lnkd.in/dv9swtZ View in LinkedIn

GENOTYPE ASSUMPTION. "One of the great challenges in molecular and evolutionary biology is to explain the link between giant evolutionary leaps, such as the colonization of land by plants or the emergence of vertebrates, and the underlying genetic and genomic changes. For a long time, biologists thought that such profound changes in phenotype would be accompanied—if not driven by—equally dramatic upheavals at the genetic level." https://lnkd.in/eNHFjJ8 View in LinkedIn

REGULATOR EVIDENCE. "We present four lines of evidence to support the conclusion that a lesion in VIP3 is responsible for the thigmomorphic defects seen in ths1 mutants." https://lnkd.in/dv9swtZ View in LinkedIn