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JUMPING GENES FROM MICRO-RNA. Transposable element (jumping genes) are “an important origin source of human miRNAs. MiRNAs can be brought into genomes during the insertion of TEs or generated by TE sequences via particular mechanisms in current genome." (TE = transposable elements; miRNA = microRNA). https://lnkd.in/d_68WC9 View in LinkedIn

MICRO-RNAs AND VERTEBRATES. "The emergence of vertebrates is characterized by a strong increase in miRNA families. MicroRNAs interact broadly with many transcripts, and the evolution of such a system is intriguing. Compared with protein coding genes, miRNA genes are more dynamic in terms of emergence and decay." (miRNA = microRNA). https://lnkd.in/dat5Xys View in LinkedIn

REGULATORY SEQUENCES. "Another class of regulatory RNAs, small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), are known to be related to TEs. Interestingly, this has been pointed out as a distinction between miRNAs and siRNAs, which are closely related in terms of structure, function, and biogenesis." (TE = transposable elements; miRNA = microRNA). http://www.genetics.org/content/176/2/1323 View in LinkedIn

MOST RAPIDLY EVOLVING. "TEs are ubiquitous and abundant genomic sequences. Since TEs tend to be among the most rapidly evolving of all genomic sequences, they may also provide a mechanism for the emergence of lineage-specific miRNA genes that could exert diversifying regulatory effects. many studies have identified a variety ways in which TEs have been domesticated to provide functions to their hosts." (TE = transposable elements; miRNA = microRNA). http://www.genetics.org/content/176/2/1323 View in LinkedIn

A million bottles a minute: world's plastic binge 'as dangerous as climate change' https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2017/jun/28/a-million-a-minute-worlds-plastic-bottle-binge-as-dangerous-as-climate-change?CMP=Share_iOSApp_Other View in LinkedIn

VIRAL JUMPING GENES to miRNAs. "Origin and Evolution of Human microRNAs From Transposable Elements. We found 55 experimentally characterized human miRNA genes that are derived from TEs, and these TE-derived miRNAs have the potential to regulate thousands of human genes. In addition to the known human miRNAs that we show to be derived from TE sequences, we predict an additional 85 novel TE-derived miRNA genes." (TE = transposable elements). http://www.genetics.org/content/176/2/1323 View in LinkedIn

GROW SLOWER AND PERSIST. "Because pathogens compete for a common resource (the host population), the same process may select for extreme exploitation strategies. Yet, two main ecological factors can alter this evolutionary outcome and promote the evolution of less aggressive exploitation strategies." https://lnkd.in/dvcWSUt View in LinkedIn

BOOM AND BUST. "When individuals compete for a common resource natural selection often favours more aggressive exploitation strategies. This may lead to resource exhaustion and, consequently, to population extinction, a process known as the 'tragedy of the commons'." https://lnkd.in/dvcWSUt View in LinkedIn

VERTICAL DISEASES. "The unveiled structure is equivalent to a tree in cases where only vertical genetic exchange takes place, as can be seen in single-segment analysis of influenza A, dengue, West Nile virus, and rabies." http://www.pnas.org/content/110/46/18566.full View in LinkedIn

NEW PERSPECTIVE. "We show that whereas clonal evolution can be summarized as a tree, reticulate evolution exhibits nontrivial topology of dimension greater than zero. Our method effectively characterizes clonal evolution, reassortment, and recombination in RNA viruses." http://www.pnas.org/content/110/46/18566.full View in LinkedIn