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INTRACELLULAR FISSION. "Epulopiscium spp., Metabacterium polyspora and the Segmented Filamentous Bacteria (SFB) form multiple intracellular offspring. For some of these bacteria, this process appears to be the only way to reproduce." https://lnkd.in/eqsJf6Q View in LinkedIn

CYTOPLASMIC FISSION. "Stanieria never undergoes binary fission. As it grows, the cellular DNA is replicated over and over, and the cell produces a thick extracellular matrix. The vegetative cell eventually transitions into a reproductive phase where it undergoes a rapid succession of cytoplasmic fissions to produce dozens or even hundreds of baeocytes." https://lnkd.in/eqsJf6Q View in LinkedIn

INTERNAL FISSION. "Still other bacteria "form internal offspring that develop within the cytoplasm of a larger "mother cell"." https://lnkd.in/eqsJf6Q View in LinkedIn

FILTER FEEDING TUNICATE BUDDING. “The development of budlets, buds and adult zooids in a colony is synchronized, and various developmental phases can be identified during the colonial blastogenetic cycle. Phases are univocally defined by the developmental stages of the three blastogenetic generations.” https://lnkd.in/eT3SfW4 View in LinkedIn

HYDRA VS CORAL BUDDING. "In hydras, a bud forms that develops into an adult, which breaks away from the main body; whereas in coral budding, the bud does not detach and multiplies as part of a new colony." https://lnkd.in/d_e3R-w View in LinkedIn

"BUDDING is a form of asexual reproduction that results from the outgrowth of a part of a cell or body region leading to a separation from the original organism into two individuals. Budding occurs commonly in some invertebrate animals such as corals and hydras." https://lnkd.in/d_e3R-w View in LinkedIn

BUDDING FISSION. "Some other bacterial lineages reproduce by budding." https://lnkd.in/eqsJf6Q View in LinkedIn

BALLOON FISSION. "There are groups of bacteria that use unusual forms or patterns of cell division to reproduce. Some of these bacteria grow to more than twice their starting cell size and then use multiple divisions to produce multiple offspring cells." https://lnkd.in/eqsJf6Q View in LinkedIn

KIN RECOGNITION. "The ability of many animals to recognize kin has allowed them to evolve diverse cooperative behaviours; such ability is less well studied for plants. Kin recognition and kin bias have long been assumed to be beyond the abilities of plants, although various pollen self-incompatibility mechanisms have been well accepted." https://lnkd.in/dsPadqZ View in LinkedIn

FISSION MECHANICS CONTINUED. "This machinery is positioned so that division splits the cytoplasm and does not damage DNA in the process. As division occurs, the cytoplasm is cleaved in two, and in many bacteria, new cell wall is synthesized. The order and timing of these processes (DNA replication, DNA segregation, division site selection, invagination of the cell envelope and synthesis of new cell wall) are tightly controlled." https://lnkd.in/eqsJf6Q View in LinkedIn