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BRANCHED ROAD. "When dioecy evolves from hermaphroditism, females and males are expected to diverge and specialize to their respective unisexual conditions. This is because hermaphroditic plants cannot be simultaneously optimized for both female and male function." https://lnkd.in/ge7JD6J View in LinkedIn

CONUNDRUM. "Among dioecious flowering plants, females and males often differ in a range of morphological, physiological, and life-history traits. This is referred to as sexual dimorphism, and understanding why it occurs is a central question in evolutionary biology." https://lnkd.in/ge7JD6J View in LinkedIn

LATEST VERSION. "Sexuality in plants is regulated by genetic, epigenetic and physiological mechanisms. The most specialized mechanism of sex determination is sex chromosomes." https://lnkd.in/g2Bsw9g View in LinkedIn

POROUS BORDER. "Unisexuality in flowering plants evolved from a hermaphrodite ancestor. Transition from hermaphrodite to unisexual flowers has occurred multiple times across the different lineages of the angiosperms." https://lnkd.in/g2Bsw9g View in LinkedIn

SEX DETERMINATION. "Epigenetic control and hormonal influence of sex determination were elucidated in both plants and animals." https://lnkd.in/g9AcjQt View in LinkedIn

MAJOR CHANGE. "Sex determination is a major switch in the evolutionary history of angiosperms. Sex chromosomes reinforce dioecy and increase genetic diversity." https://lnkd.in/g9AcjQt View in LinkedIn

PREVALENT. "Sexual dimorphism is prevalent among dioecious species." https://lnkd.in/ge7JD6J View in LinkedIn

DESPITE THE RISKS. "Separating sexual function between different individuals carries risks, especially for sedentary organisms. Nevertheless, many land plants have unisexual gametophytes or sporophytes." https://lnkd.in/griFcgZ View in LinkedIn

CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES. "Ecological selection as the cause and sexual differentiation as the consequence of species divergence?" https://lnkd.in/ggrcHvH View in LinkedIn

UNISEXUALITY IN PLANTS. "Unisexual plant species and their mixed forms appear to be distributed throughout the flowering plant families (around three quarters of families include dioecious species) suggesting independent evolutionary events. However, the incidence of unisexuality is not evenly spread throughout the plant kingdom." https://lnkd.in/gb3zS32 View in LinkedIn