Category: Uncategorized

DOMINANCE WITHOUT SEXUAL REPRODUCTION. "Root-knot nematodes (genus Meloidogyne) show an intriguing diversity of reproductive modes ranging from obligatory sexual to fully asexual reproduction. Intriguingly, the most damaging species to the world agriculture are those that reproduce without meiosis and without sex." https://lnkd.in/e9RafZt View in LinkedIn

MONOTREMES are ancient animals that lay soft-shelled eggs, including the platypus and spiny anteater. http://www.ege.fcen.uba.ar/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/Life-histories-Molles.pdf View in LinkedIn

VIVIPARITY (live bearers) is where the embryos develop within the mother's body, in the placenta, and give live births. This includes most mammals, some lizards and snakes (vipers), some frogs, and some fish (sharks, guppies). https://lnkd.in/eu6sYW4 View in LinkedIn

GENES VERSUS CELLS. “In selfish gene theory you have to distinguish between the replicator and the vehicle. There is no such distinction.” https://lnkd.in/eBKWC7d View in LinkedIn

PRINCIPLE 10. “There are many more to be discovered; a genuine ‘theory of biology’ does not yet exist.” https://lnkd.in/eBKWC7d View in LinkedIn

EXCESSIVE REDUNDANCY. “Knockout experiments do not necessarily give a good readout of the functionality of that protein or gene. In yeast knockouts up to 80% of the genes are silent, and that does not mean that they do not have physiological functions. The system is so well backed up that other networks take over the function of the knocked out gene.” https://lnkd.in/eBKWC7d View in LinkedIn

PRINCIPLE 9. “The self is not an object.” https://lnkd.in/eBKWC7d View in LinkedIn

MORE THAN SEMANTICS. “There is an absolutely fundamental difference between the traditional definition of a gene as a sequence of DNA and a phenotypic trait. If you define the gene as the phenotype there is no experiment that will tell you if that is the cause or not because it is necessarily the cause. If you define a gene as a DNA sequence as is done today you have a very different definition of a gene. You have omitted all the other properties of a cell which are also inherited.” https://lnkd.in/eBKWC7d View in LinkedIn

PRINCIPLE 8. “There are no programs in the brain.” https://lnkd.in/eBKWC7d View in LinkedIn

NON-GERMLINE INHERITANCE. “Inherited epigenetic effects, of which there are quite a number known are a new reality in our thinking. A single generational epigenetic response to a stress can be subsequently inherited. Epigenetic changes can be assimilated into the genome. Even Darwin’s Galapagos finches show epigenetic inheritance. DNA and epigenetic evolution interact, so it is not just one or the other.” https://lnkd.in/eBKWC7d View in LinkedIn