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TWO SIDES OF THE COIN. “Due to the deleterious effect of most genomic rearrangements, the detection and repair of double-strand DNA breaks are tightly regulated. Not surprisingly, mutations affecting central components of double-strand DNA break repair pathways are responsible for an increase in genomic rearrangements.” https://lnkd.in/eC8eb-V View in LinkedIn

INDUCED CODE VARIETY. “Repair of double-strand DNA breaks play important roles in fostering genomic diversity during meiotic and mitotic recombination, and errors during these processes can promote extensive genomic rearrangements.” https://lnkd.in/eC8eb-V View in LinkedIn

DIVERSE MECHANISMS. “In addition to rare, hidden, cycles of sexual reproduction that involve two opposite mating types, non-conventional modes of reproduction are also observed in presumed asexual species.” https://lnkd.in/eC8eb-V View in LinkedIn

USEFUL SUBSTRATES. “The high abundance and their high levels of similarity make transposable elements and other repetitive sequences obvious ectopic substrates in naturally occurring double-strand DNA break repair pathways. Moreover, increasing evidence suggests mobilization of transposable elements by environmental stresses leading to genome evolution.” https://lnkd.in/eC8eb-V View in LinkedIn

LESS CRYPTIC. “In some cases, a sexual cycle has even been observed for apparently asexual species, such as for the saprotrophic and opportunistic mammalian pathogenic fungus Aspergillus fumigatus.” https://lnkd.in/eC8eb-V View in LinkedIn

TRANSFER RNA. “Moreover, genome rearrangements have been observed in proximity to highly abundant tRNA genes in yeast.” https://lnkd.in/eC8eb-V View in LinkedIn

FUNGAL SEXUAL GENES. “Comparative genomics identified many meiosis-specific genes, as well as the mating type locus that encodes genes that are critically required for sexual reproduction, in the apparently asexual fungus Candida glabrata, suggesting it has a cryptic sexual cycle.” https://lnkd.in/eC8eb-V View in LinkedIn

JUMPING GENES AND DIVERSITY. “Genome rearrangements are not only mediated by transposable elements, but also by other highly repetitive elements such as micro- and minisatellites; short nucleotide repeats that differ in the length of the repeat unit.” https://lnkd.in/eC8eb-V View in LinkedIn

CRYPTIC SEXUAL CYCLES. “Many fungal species have initially been considered to lack a conventional sexual cycle, and were thus seen as strictly asexual (clonal). However, several of these species were later discovered to have cryptic, hence hidden, sexual cycles, or other modes of reproduction.” https://lnkd.in/eC8eb-V View in LinkedIn

JUMPING GENES ROLE IN EVOLUTION. “In addition to these active roles, the major contribution of transposable elements toward genome evolution is passive. Non-faithful repair of double-strand DNA breaks is facilitated by highly similar sequences such as abundant or propagating transposable elements.” https://lnkd.in/eC8eb-V View in LinkedIn