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NEW EXPLANATIONS NEEDED. “Clearly, our results contradict the ‘molecular piracy hypothesis’ where viral genes are assumed to be transferred from their hosts; thus alternative explanations are required.” https://lnkd.in/dsexZC2 View in LinkedIn

POTASSIUM CHANNELS. “The viral K+ channels are small and basically consist of the pore module shared by all K+ channels. Our analyses indicate that viral-encoded K+ channel proteins do not have a close phylogenetic relationship with their host-encoded K+ channel proteins. A similar scenario was recently discovered for a chlorovirus encoded cation transporter which occurs in different virus species independent of their host.” https://lnkd.in/dsexZC2 View in LinkedIn

VIRAL GENE SWAPS. “Hence their ancestor probably exchanged vast pools of genetic elements horizontally and generated a reticulated network of genes at an early stage of their evolution. This view is consistent with the genetics of phycodnavirus evolution as these viruses have both prokaryotic and eukaryotic homologs in addition to many other genes with no cellular homologs.” https://lnkd.in/dsexZC2 View in LinkedIn

STILL CONSIDERED NEUTRAL. "Synonymous variation is therefore still often thought to lack any major functional or evolutionary importance." https://lnkd.in/dU2Q65U View in LinkedIn

HORIZONTAL NOT VERTICAL. “Comparative genomics studies further suggest that virus evolution can best be understood in terms of reticulated ‘trees’ and mosaic evolution. This means that large DNA viruses fundamentally have a network-based history that does not trace back to a single gene or set of genes.” https://lnkd.in/dsexZC2 View in LinkedIn

REGULATORY FUNCTIONS. "Bearing in mind that the vast majority of the mammalian genome is dynamically transcribed in different cells and developmental stages, these observations are consistent with the hypothesis that non coding RNAs are prevalent molecular conveyors of regulatory plasticity in mammals." http://nar.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2013/07/11/nar.gkt596.full View in LinkedIn

FUNCTIONAL DARK MATTER. "Our findings reappraise the amount of functional sequence in mammalian genomes through comparative genomics by providing further evidence for widespread negative selection at the transcriptomic level." http://nar.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2013/07/11/nar.gkt596.full View in LinkedIn

MILLIONS OF CANDIDATES. "Although this work identifies millions of putative functional RNA structures, their exact functional nature remains largely uncharted. One way to achieve this is by clustering them into families based on their structural topologies, thus deriving function via homology—an approach that has been applied to smaller sets of RNA structures." http://nar.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2013/07/11/nar.gkt596.full View in LinkedIn

OLD PARADIGM REFUTED. "Our findings provide an additional layer of support for previous reports advancing that >20% of the human genome is subjected to evolutionary selection, while suggesting that additional evidence for function can be uncovered through careful investigation of analytically involute higher-order RNA structures." http://nar.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2013/07/11/nar.gkt596.full View in LinkedIn

WIDESPREAD FUNCTIONALITY. "The findings presented herein provide novel evidence for widespread functionality acting through RNA secondary structure, under the premise that negative evolutionary selection is a bona fide indicator of molecular function, in conjunction with the fact that the majority of the human genome is transcribed." http://nar.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2013/07/11/nar.gkt596.full View in LinkedIn