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LACKING DEATH. "Turritopsis nutricula is a unique medusa and its transformation potential is unparalleled within the vast array of life-cycle patterns found in cnidarians. This is the first known case of a metazoan being capable of reverting completely to a clonal life stage after having achieved sexual maturity in a solitary stage. Because all T. nutricula medusae regularly underwent transformation, we must assume that organismic death does not occur in this species." http://www.biolbull.org/content/190/3/302.full.pdf View in LinkedIn

REAGGREGATION. “Separated cells of hydra reaggregate and develop into normal animals. The regeneration of serially grafted aggregates derived from different parts of hydra tissue demonstrates that the polarity of morphogenesis in hydra is the result of the cellular composition of the tissue, not cellular orientation.” https://lnkd.in/dyrJ2cd View in LinkedIn

IMMORTAL HYDRA. "Daniel Martinez followed 100 adult Hydra for four years, discarding the buds as they were produced. The parental animals did not undergo age-related senescence. Individual cells die in Hydra, but the organism as a whole does not have a fixed life-span. There is, however, evidence that some species of Hydra undergo senescence following sexual reproduction." https://lnkd.in/dHGbTQZ View in LinkedIn

"THE IMMORTAL MEDUSA is the most miraculous species in the entire animal kingdom...I believe it will be easy to solve the mystery of immortality and apply ultimate life to human beings.” http://wedcrew.yolasite.com/resources/Jelly%20fish.pdf View in LinkedIn

HYDRA AND HUMAN COMMONALITY. "Together, these findings seem to indicate that Hydra not only provides insights into signalling pathways involved in stem cell differentiation in the Bilaterian ancestor; they also demonstrate that despite morphological and functional differences, and more than 500 million years of phylogenic separation between Hydra and human, common signaling pathways are responsible for stem cell maintenance, lineage determination, and differentiation." https://lnkd.in/d8uxmwq View in LinkedIn

STEM CELL ADVANTAGE. "Hydra’s potential immortality and extensive capacity to regenerate and self-renew is due to the presence of three distinct stem cell lineages: ectodermal and endodermal epithelial stem cells, and interstitial stem cells." https://lnkd.in/d8uxmwq View in LinkedIn

MODULAR DESIGN FOR IMMORTALITY. "Hydrozoans are modular organisms in their polyp stage, but the medusa stage is unitary. Modular organisms have a potentially indefinite life span, but this is usually impossible for nonmodular ones, in which the onset of sexual reproduction ultimately leads to death." https://lnkd.in/eC8V7aV View in LinkedIn

THE LEADING EDGE. “The ‘cadavers’ of organisms that divide by fission are their molecules and atoms that become increasingly diluted and ultimately lost in those cells at the leading edge of the expanding population. Or, these molecules are lost to further progeny when fission products die.” https://lnkd.in/esfPTAR View in LinkedIn

IMMORTAL POPULATIONS. “Individual micro-organisms, like individual humans are mortal, but as populations both appear to be immortal.” https://lnkd.in/esfPTAR View in LinkedIn

FOOD FORAGING BEHAVIOR. "Food frauds...are species that exploit the pollen-, oil-, or nectar-foraging activities of their pollinators." Bait-and-switch. https://lnkd.in/db9X2SK View in LinkedIn