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LATERAL MOVE. "To the best of our knowledge, these eukaryotic-like domains have never before been reported in packaged bacteriophages and their phylogeny, distribution and sequence diversity imply lateral transfers between bacteriophage/prophage and animal genomes." https://lnkd.in/dYh3-r4 View in LinkedIn

EVOLUTION OF DEATH FROM IMMORTALITY. "The above results thus support our hypothesis that originally immortal organisms evolve into mortal organisms by acquiring a new genetic program for autonomous death." http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.657.723&rep=rep1&type=pdf View in LinkedIn

HIJACKED GENES. "We suggest that the evolution of these eukaryotic protein domains in bacteriophage WO parallels the evolution of eukaryotic genes in canonical eukaryotic viruses, namely those commandeered for viral life cycle adaptations." Curiously, skipping strict domains. https://lnkd.in/dYh3-r4 View in LinkedIn

SLOWLY DOMINANT MUTANT MORTALS. "Our findings suggest that a mortal organism, born among a population of immortal organisms, cannot reproduce and becomes extinct in many cases. Nonetheless, a number of mortal organisms did manage to survive at a small but significant rate. Moreover, once a mortal organism survives, it extends its habitation area, surpasses immortal organisms and prospers without exception." http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.657.723&rep=rep1&type=pdf View in LinkedIn

ANIMAL TO PHAGE. "These various protein domain families are central to eukaryotic functions and have never before been reported in packaged bacteriophages, and their phylogeny, distribution and sequence diversity implies lateral transfer from animal to bacteriophage genomes." https://lnkd.in/dYh3-r4 View in LinkedIn

ACTIVATION OF DEATH PATHWAY. "Caspases are normally present in the cytosol. Since killer proteases are obviously dangerous, they are kept in check by a number of safety mechanisms. The most important is that they are inactive until a ‘deadly’ stimulus activates them by promoting their oligomerization and subsequent cleavage." https://celldeath.files.wordpress.com/2010/11/lopezself_munoz.pdf View in LinkedIn

CONSERVED PATHWAYS. "Apoptosis requires a number of genes that are well conserved across animal evolution. In the past few years, multiple genetic and cell biology experiments have shown that apoptosis is executed through similar biochemical pathways in vertebrates, Drosophila and C. elegans. These biochemical pathways lead to activation of proteins termed ‘caspases’." https://celldeath.files.wordpress.com/2010/11/lopezself_munoz.pdf View in LinkedIn

BRIEF LIFE. "In the adult animal, unwanted cells are eliminated through PCD when they are no longer needed. For instance, during an immune response there is a rapid production of lymphocytes which respond to a specific pathogen. These lymphocytes have to be eliminated after the pathogen has been cleared. For these reason, these cells are ‘programmed’ to eliminate themselves after a few days of life." (PCD = programmed cell death). https://celldeath.files.wordpress.com/2010/11/lopezself_munoz.pdf View in LinkedIn

AUTODESTRUCTION. "In response to stress due to starvation or damage, animal cells engage a biochemical pathway to destruct themselves. Moreover, upon detection of a virally infected cell, cytotoxic cells kill other cells from the same organism by inducing their suicide. Cell death is not only employed to remove damaged or infected cells, but it is also important for sculpting tissues." https://celldeath.files.wordpress.com/2010/11/lopezself_munoz.pdf View in LinkedIn

DEATH MACHINERY IS CONSERVED. "The machinery of apoptosis is well conserved among animals and it is composed of caspases (the proteases which execute cell death), adapter proteins (caspase activators), Bcl‐2 family proteins and Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins (IAPs)." https://celldeath.files.wordpress.com/2010/11/lopezself_munoz.pdf View in LinkedIn