Category: Uncategorized

LOCKED INTO LAUNCH VESSEL. "Termination of the DNA packaging reaction is coordinated with closure of the portal system to avoid leakage of the viral genome. The outflow of DNA is prevented by conformational changes in the portal protein and binding of head completion proteins building the viral genome gatekeeper." http://www.pnas.org/content/112/22/7009.full View in LinkedIn

TWO BIG ENDOSYMBIOTIC EVENTS. "Two distinct evolutions by bacterial endosymbiosis gave rise to eukaryotic realms. Firstly, proteobacteria developing to the mitochondria of all eukaryotic cells and secondly, cyanobacteria that changed to chloroplasts in plant evolution." http://mcb.berkeley.edu/courses/mcbc245/MCBC245PDFs/Jan31/Huettenbrenner2003.pdf View in LinkedIn

HIGH PRESSURE DNA STORAGE UNIT. "The dsDNA bacterial viruses (phages or bacteriophages) and herpes viruses keep their genetic information packed at high pressure inside an icosahedral protein capsid. During virus particle assembly the genome is translocated into a prebuilt procapsid through a specialized portal vertex of the capsid." (dsDNA = double stranded DNA). https://lnkd.in/dw4E_8F View in LinkedIn

ENDOSYMBIOSIS AND DEATH. "Death programs are tightly linked to eukaryotic–bacterial endosymbiont co-evolution." http://mcb.berkeley.edu/courses/mcbc245/MCBC245PDFs/Jan31/Huettenbrenner2003.pdf View in LinkedIn

PHAGE BASEPLATES. "The current analysis of the T4 baseplate shows how the energy required for infection can in part be stored in the dome-shaped baseplate; it also shows that assembly of the dome-shaped baseplate requires the presence of a template (the central hub) that traps wedges by selecting wedges when they are briefly in a high-energy conformation." A spaceship from Mars. http://www.pnas.org/content/113/10/2654.full View in LinkedIn

ENIGMA. "The death effectors that operate in protozoans are still enigmatic and furthermore there exist also protozoans that cannot undergo an apoptosis-like phenotype. It has to await clarification whether the death machinery was lost by reductive evolution, or whether those species without apparent self destruction mechanisms represent an early phylogenic life form." http://mcb.berkeley.edu/courses/mcbc245/MCBC245PDFs/Jan31/Huettenbrenner2003.pdf View in LinkedIn

LONG AND BROAD. "Currently, there are several possible explanations for the existence of programmed cell death in at least nine single-celled eukaryote organisms belonging to four different lineages that diverged during a still elusive time-frame ranging between two and one billion years ago." http://www.nature.com/cdd/journal/v9/n4/full/4400950a.html View in LinkedIn

FUZZY GREY LINE. "It is important to realize that the frontiers between multicellular organisms and single-celled organisms may not be as stringent as usually believed." http://www.nature.com/cdd/journal/v9/n4/full/4400950a.html View in LinkedIn

"A PARADIGM SHIFT: programmed cell death and apoptosis in single-celled organisms. Programmed cell death in four diverging phylogenic branches of single-celled eukaryotes." http://www.nature.com/cdd/journal/v9/n4/full/4400950a.html View in LinkedIn

NO BRIGHT LINE. "Interestingly some unicellular protozoans have developed a primitive form of non-necrotic cell death themselves, which could mean that the idea of an altruistic death for the benefit of genetically identical cells predated the invention of multicellularity." http://mcb.berkeley.edu/courses/mcbc245/MCBC245PDFs/Jan31/Huettenbrenner2003.pdf View in LinkedIn