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PHOTOPERIODS TYPE PLANTS. "Short-day plants (SDPs) are those that flower or in which flowering is accelerated by days which are shorter than a critical daylength. Long-day plants (LDPs) are plants that flower or in which flowering is accelerated when the daylight period exceeds a critical daylength. Plants that flower at the same time irrespective of the photoperiodic conditions are called day-neutral plants (DNPs)." https://lnkd.in/d_f7kfY View in LinkedIn

IN SPACE AND TIME. "Synchronization of floral initiation through photoperiodic sensitivity can confer advantages independently of whether reproduction is matched with a particular favourable environment. A further potential benefit of photoperiodic responses is that they can enable organisms to occupy an ecological niche in space and time." https://lnkd.in/d_f7kfY View in LinkedIn

DAYLENGTH SYNCHRONICITY. "Photoperiodic plants are common, even in tropical latitudes where the seasonal daylength changes are small, and daylength is used to synchronize reproductive or other activities with seasonal events such as dry or rainy periods. Coincident flowering in members of a population increases the chances of outbreeding and hence genetic recombination." https://lnkd.in/d_f7kfY View in LinkedIn

RANGE. "The seasonal range and rate of change of daylength is lower in the tropics than at higher latitudes and photoperiodic mechanisms need to be sufficiently precise and flexible to operate across the entire range of daylengths." https://lnkd.in/d_f7kfY View in LinkedIn

SEASONAL CUE. "Photoperiod alone is not an unambiguous signal as any particular daylength occurs twice in an annual cycle. Progressive changes in daylength, which are at their greatest around the equinoxes in spring and autumn, do, however, provide a certain environmental signal for the passage of the seasons." https://lnkd.in/d_f7kfY View in LinkedIn

GROWTH LIMITS. "Conway conjectures that no pattern can grow without limit. Put another way, any configuration with a finite number of counters cannot grow beyond a finite upper limit to the number of counters on the field. This is probably the deepest and most difficult question posed by the game." https://lnkd.in/dN_g3Fs View in LinkedIn

XYLEM AND PHLOEM. "An intact and functioning nutrient transport system is a requirement for communication between the sites of perception in the leaves and the sites of response. Daylength response is lost when the pathway is disrupted by removing the source leaf, inhibiting transport by localized heat or cold treatments applied at intermediate points in the transport path or stem girdling." https://lnkd.in/d_f7kfY View in LinkedIn

MARTIN GARDER ON LIFE. "In a few cases the society eventually dies out (all counters vanishing), although this may not happen until after a great many generations. Most starting patterns either reach stable figures--Conway calls them "still lifes"--that cannot change or patterns that oscillate forever. Patterns with no initial symmetry tend to become symmetrical. Once this happens the symmetry cannot be lost, although it may increase in richness." https://lnkd.in/dN_g3Fs View in LinkedIn

SMALL DIFFERENCES MAGNIFY, as shown in the Game of Life. See this very compelling lecture by Stanford's Professor Sapoloski. The simplest of rules in this computer game is similar to those of living systems. https://lnkd.in/d2JdRWs View in LinkedIn

"THE GAME OF LIFE is not your typical computer game. It is a 'cellular automaton', and was invented by Cambridge mathematician John Conway. This game became widely known when it was mentioned in an article published by Scientific American in 1970. It consists of a collection of cells which, based on a few mathematical rules, can live, die or multiply. Depending on the initial conditions, the cells form various patterns throughout the course of the game." https://lnkd.in/dVq7BAk View in LinkedIn