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FEIGNED EVOLUTION. "Polymorphic viruses alter their copies to avoid detection, but the pattern of alteration is ultimately a human product. These changes do not constitute evolution, however." https://lnkd.in/eCG7b3z View in LinkedIn

DIGITAL CODES. "If one of the seven information bits changes, for instance, by radiation, heat, or mechanical influences, they no longer correspond with the parity bit value; this is detected, an error message is generated, and the program stops, is aborted, or a switch is made towards a back-up." http://benthamopen.com/contents/pdf/TOEVOLJ/TOEVOLJ-5-1.pdf View in LinkedIn

VIRAL MUTATIONS. "Higher-level mutations of viruses do exist, however. There are variants of many known viruses, with over a dozen known for some IBM PC viruses. The variations involved can be very small, on the order of two or three instructions difference, to major changes involving differences in messages, activation, and replication." https://lnkd.in/eCG7b3z View in LinkedIn

PROOFREADING. "Although both digital and nucleotide codes can be adapted to changing circumstances by random processes, they are protected against errors or mutations in an operating environment as computers and cells, respectively." http://benthamopen.com/contents/pdf/TOEVOLJ/TOEVOLJ-5-1.pdf View in LinkedIn

GREY ZONE. "Simply because computer viruses do not exist as organic molecules may not be sufficient reason to dismiss the classification of this form of “vandalware” as a form of life." This discussion is as philosophical as the same question about biological viruses. There is no testable hypothesis, just disputed definitions." https://lnkd.in/eCG7b3z View in LinkedIn

ARTIFICIAL LIFE. "Only recently have some scientists begun to ask if computer viruses are not a form of artificial life — a self-replicating organism." https://lnkd.in/eCG7b3z View in LinkedIn

UNEXPECTED. "Some mutations that cause damage in the short term ultimately become a positive force in the genetic pedigree of a complex organism." https://lnkd.in/d4b3fY4 View in LinkedIn

INNOCENCE LOST. "The first virus outbreak broke out in 1981 with the ELK CLONER virus, followed by BRAIN in 1986, the first virus to implement stealth techniques, and from then by numerous other viruses." https://lnkd.in/epaSkG4 View in LinkedIn

NOT ALL BAD. "Cohen has tested the proposition that viruses can create useful code in a number of applications." https://lnkd.in/edrARjk View in LinkedIn

EVOLVING. "Computer scientist Fred Cohen also proved that viruses are potentially useful as all-purpose computing devices. As Cohen later put it, "anything a Turing machine can compute, a virus can evolve." https://lnkd.in/edrARjk View in LinkedIn