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FINAL OUTPUT. "We may be able to simplify the model for these immune receptors from about 3,000 steps to three steps...You wouldn't need a supercomputer to test different chemical compounds on the receptors, because you don't need to simulate every single step – just the aggregate." https://lnkd.in/d7wfFBs View in LinkedIn

AGGREGATE SIMPLICITY EMERGES. "The larger and more complex the system gets, the more the aggregate behavior is visible...The completion time gets simpler and simpler as the system size goes up." https://lnkd.in/d7wfFBs View in LinkedIn

MODULAR METABOLISM. "Biophysicist Ilya Nemenman from Emory University has identified key parameters which distill the behaviour of several biochemical networks, into simple equivalent dynamics. It appears that the details of the complexity of these biological systems don't matter, as long as some aggregate property, which we've calculated, remains the same." https://lnkd.in/d7wfFBs View in LinkedIn

"SIMPLE COMPLEXITY. Gemini’s implications extend to the real world. “There’s a fascination with the complexity that is coming out of these incredibly simple rules,” says Susan Stepney, a computer scientist at the University of York, UK, who ran Gemini inside Life, at New Scientist‘s behest. “Eventually that leads on to biology, putting simple atoms together to make complex life.” https://lnkd.in/d-ckTpQ View in LinkedIn

INDEFINITE. “Presumably, life emerged in a gradual, long-term process whereby primitive proto-organisms were created in the teeming, primal soup of the seas. Life is still not completed; it is a partly indefinite phenomenon of becoming, not a completely determined state of being.” (Emmeche, 1994). https://lnkd.in/dEj5vVD View in LinkedIn

SIMPLIFYING EFFICIENCY. "Pargellis found that on average, a self-replicating sequence of instructions would spontaneously arise after about 400 generations. Initially, such 'self-reps' were often unnecessarily complex, and contained portions of code which performed no useful task, or were skipped over. This is directly analagous to the 'introns' and 'exons' found in real biological genes, where useful genetic information is interspersed with patches of nonsense." https://lnkd.in/dJPTA3e View in LinkedIn

SOME MORE THAN OTHERS. “It seems more appropriate to consider life as a continuum property of organizational patterns, with some more or less alive than others.” (Farmer & Belin, 1992). https://lnkd.in/dEj5vVD View in LinkedIn

ADDITIVE SIMPLICITY. "Essentially, simple processes are combined with other simple processes and the result is complexity. That is a simplification, but in principle that is how AI machines “learn” – they take what they already “know” (what’s been coded into them) and combine and recombine that into all of the varieties that can be combined." https://lnkd.in/dxGnwJ3 View in LinkedIn

NOT ABSOLUTE. “Life is not an absolute quality which suddenly appeared, it gradually emerged at the beginning of the evolution. [...] there is no clear boundary line.” (Cairns-Smith, 1990). https://lnkd.in/dEj5vVD View in LinkedIn

SIMPLICITY GENERATES COMPLEXITY. "A first for the game, the replicator demonstrates how astounding complexity can arise from simple beginnings and processes – an echo of life’s origins, perhaps." https://lnkd.in/d-ckTpQ View in LinkedIn