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TEMPORAL SEQUENCES. "In this way, a series of different, sequentially realized alternative phenotypes compatible with the animal's genome, but individually expressed in the presence of different transcription patterns, will gradually evolve towards a strictly controlled temporal sequence of developmental stages." http://rstb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/365/1540/631.short View in LinkedIn

CONSERVED DEVELOPMENTAL SEQUENCES. "The more the expression of a specific phenotype falls under genetic control, the more it is likely to be expressed. In turn, its expression is likely to facilitate also the expression of other specific phenotypes in conserved developmental sequence." http://rstb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/365/1540/631.short View in LinkedIn

SYNCHRONY EXAMPLE. "We have seen such a coincidence between the phase at which some normal nematode larvae switch to a dauer fate, and the phase during which a free-living larva of other nematodes becomes parasitic." http://rstb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/365/1540/631.short View in LinkedIn

SCHEDULING SYNCHRONY. "It is of interest that both the switch between alternative developmental routes and the developmental transitions involving major morphological and ecological changes often co-occur within the developmental schedule." http://rstb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/365/1540/631.short View in LinkedIn

MARINE FOOTPRINT. "Spending weeks in the plankton or metamorphosing into a benthic juvenile within hours since fertilization is clearly a choice on which natural selection has left its footprint in many marine invertebrates." http://rstb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/365/1540/631.short View in LinkedIn

EMERGENT INTRONS. "The advantage of genetic programming introns is that they, they emerge naturally from the dynamics of the algorithm rather than being designed into the representation. It is important then to not impede this emergent property as it may be crucial to the successful development of genetic programs." http://scholar.google.es/scholar_url?url=http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download%3Fdoi%3D10.1.1.15.5594%26rep%3Drep1%26type%3Dpdf&hl=en&sa=X&scisig=AAGBfm0J-z_xL5_kjwEhLP0aVOrhbAtTfA&nossl=1&oi=scholarr&ved=0ahUKEwi3wpKxxs_MAhXG2B4KHXRODt0QgAMICigBMAA View in LinkedIn

"GENETIC PROGRAMMING (GP), a variant of genetic algorithms, is an especially interesting form of computational problem solving. In GP, a population of programs, represented by expression trees in a task specific language, evolve to accomplish the desired task." https://lnkd.in/dcK2gx8 View in LinkedIn

INTRON PADDING. "This could only solve their problem when introns were introduced into the representation. When padding separates expressed components of the bit string, crossover has a better chance of transferring a substring intact. The situation is the same in genetic programs." http://scholar.google.es/scholar_url?url=http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download%3Fdoi%3D10.1.1.15.5594%26rep%3Drep1%26type%3Dpdf&hl=en&sa=X&scisig=AAGBfm0J-z_xL5_kjwEhLP0aVOrhbAtTfA&nossl=1&oi=scholarr&ved=0ahUKEwi3wpKxxs_MAhXG2B4KHXRODt0QgAMICigBMAA View in LinkedIn

REPETITIONS. "There is an advantage from the viewpoint of the evolving genetic program for syntactically redundant constructions that are semantically transparent. Because the redundant functions do not effect the semantics of the sub-expression, if a crossover operation is performed such that it splits the redundant components, the semantics of the removed subtree are still preserved." https://lnkd.in/dcK2gx8 View in LinkedIn

PROGRAMMING INTRONS. "Emergence of Introns in GP. These components are unnecessary since they can be removed from the program without altering the solution the program represents. The ubiquity of redundant constructs suggests a more basic truth about their nature. Introducing introns into a genetic algorithm’s representation improves the success rate as much as a factor of 10." (GP = genetic programming). http://scholar.google.es/scholar_url?url=http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download%3Fdoi%3D10.1.1.15.5594%26rep%3Drep1%26type%3Dpdf&hl=en&sa=X&scisig=AAGBfm0J-z_xL5_kjwEhLP0aVOrhbAtTfA&nossl=1&oi=scholarr&ved=0ahUKEwi3wpKxxs_MAhXG2B4KHXRODt0QgAMICigBMAA View in LinkedIn