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LINGUISTIC PROBLEMS hampered the beginning of this new field, and not the least of them was the thorny issue of agreed-upon definitions. In most cases, the concepts and words that were developed for humans, were simply adopted for plants, with a predictable result. View in LinkedIn

DIFFUSE EMERGENCE. "Plant intelligence is the emergent property that results from the collective of interactions between the various tissues of the individual growing plant." https://lnkd.in/dhZdbBJ View in LinkedIn

RESISTANCE TO NEW IDEAS. “It took me years to get some of these papers published. People would literally be screaming at one another at scientific meetings...Plant scientists in general are incredibly conservative. We all think we want to hear novel ideas, but we don’t, not really.” https://lnkd.in/dvFaNgd View in LinkedIn

CHARLES DARWIN: "It is hardly an exaggeration to say that the tip of the radicle . . . having the power of directing the movements of the ad-joining parts, acts like the brain of one of the lower animals; the brain being seated within the anterior end of the body, receiving impressions from the sense organs and directing the several movements.” https://lnkd.in/dvFaNgd View in LinkedIn

LINGUISTIC ISSUES. "The controversy is less about the remarkable discoveries of recent plant science than about how to interpret and name them: whether behaviors observed in plants which look very much like learning, memory, decision-making, and intelligence deserve to be called by those terms or whether those words should be reserved exclusively for creatures with brains." https://lnkd.in/dvFaNgd View in LinkedIn

QUACKERY RESPONSE. "Many plant scientists have pushed back hard against the nascent field, beginning with a tart, dismissive letter in response to the Brenner manifesto, signed by thirty-six prominent plant scientists (Alpi et al., in the literature) and published in Trends in Plant Science. “We begin by stating simply that there is no evidence for structures such as neurons, synapses or a brain in plants,” the authors wrote." https://lnkd.in/dvFaNgd View in LinkedIn

CHAUVINISM. "A common assumption is that only animals with brains can be intelligent. This as pointed out by Vertosick is simple brain chauvinism." https://lnkd.in/d8TRiSE View in LinkedIn

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