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DEATH AND TRANSFIGURATION. “When bacteria are placed in sub-optimal environments, they can respond by increasing the frequency of mutants created by base substitution, frame-shift and transposition mutations. Also, during periods of restrictive growth, ‘dead’ bacterial cells may transfer genetic material to neighboring colony-forming cells.” https://lnkd.in/g9-nazrF View in LinkedIn

SETTING IT UP. “But let us first consider a clock (technically, a simple and “elementary” clock, not composed of smaller clocks that can be used to read time separately or sequentially, with a black hole clock being the limiting example), capable of resolving time to an accuracy of t, for a period of T (the running time or lifetime of the clock).” https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/21/11/1035/htm View in LinkedIn

BLACK HOLE RAM. “We will show that the properties of black holes are inextricably intertwined with those of spacetime. For example, the strange scaling of space fluctuations with the cube root of distances provide a back-door way to derive the Bekenstein-Hawking formula for black hole memory.” https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/21/11/1035/htm View in LinkedIn

GEDANKENEXPERIMENT. “One way to map out the geometry of this spacetime region is to fill the space with clocks, exchanging signals with other clocks and measuring the signals’ times of arrival. This process of mapping the geometry is a sort of computation.” https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/21/11/1035/htm View in LinkedIn

PROBABILITY CURVES. “Since quantum fluctuations of spacetime manifest themselves in the form of uncertainties in the geometry of spacetime, the structure of spacetime foam can be inferred from the accuracy with which we can measure that geometry.” https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/21/11/1035/htm View in LinkedIn

QUANTUM FLUCTUATIONS. “At small scales, spacetime is fuzzy and foamy due to quantum fluctuations. One manifestation of the fluctuations is in the induced uncertainties in any distance measurement. We will derive the uncertainties or fluctuations by two independent methods.” https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/21/11/1035/htm View in LinkedIn

FOAM AND DARK MATTER. “Applied to cosmology, spacetime foam physics leads to the prediction of a dark energy component in the current Universe (of the correct magnitude). Combined with ideas from gravitational thermodynamics and entropic gravity, we are led to a phenomenological model of dark matter in which a critical acceleration parameter, related to the (effective) cosmological constant, emerges.” https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/21/11/1035/htm View in LinkedIn

TRANSMUTATION. “The first unquestionable proofs of the transformation of elements into different chemical elements have been provided by the study of the phenomena of radioactivity. There is no doubt that radium is transformed spontaneously into an active gas, radon, emitting at the same time alpha particles, or helions.” (By Frédéric Joliot-Curie on his Nobel Lecture, December 12, 1935). https://lnkd.in/eHfSCm_2 View in LinkedIn

PHENOMENAL PREMISE. “Quantum fluctuations of spacetime determine the precision with which the geometry of spacetime can be measured and they limit the power of computers in general, black hole computers in particular.” https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/21/11/1035/htm View in LinkedIn

TIGHTLY WOVEN. “In order to appreciate how important a role entropy and gravitation play, let us first summarize the crucial steps in Verlinde’s derivation of the canonical Newton’s laws.” https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/21/11/1035/htm View in LinkedIn