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IN GRAD SCHOOL I used human placentas to isolate insulin receptors. We had a big freezer of discarded parts, and later in life, had a giant freezer of human brains for Alzheimer's research. But placenta and onions? No thanks! View in LinkedIn

HUMAN EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT is an extraordinarily complex process that took four billion years to evolve. It seems self-evident that attempts to replicate this outside of the human-bacterial super-organismal environment would be fraught with insuperable challenges, and the likelihood of healthy offspring would be low. View in LinkedIn

ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL CHATTER IN THE PLACENTA. Although the literature is sparse, there must assuredly be electrophyiological chatter between the developing embryo and the mother, just as there is modulated physiological, genetic and biochemical exchanges between the two. View in LinkedIn

THE PLACENTA IS HIGHLY ACTIVE. "Placental development and differentiation occurs throughout gestation ... dramatic changes in morphology of the human placental villus are observed as gestation progresses, and there is also evidence of changes in ion fluxes, from both in vivo and in vitro studies." http://ajpregu.physiology.org/content/273/4/R1519 View in LinkedIn

PLACENTA IS ELECTRICALLY ACTIVE. "In placenta, there is evidence that steroid hormones, which are present in high concentrations during pregnancy in humans, have some influence in secretory and absorbing processes ... the control of Maxi-chloride channels by steroid hormones may be of great importance in placental physiology." http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602006000300006 View in LinkedIn

PLACENTAL INNERVATION CHANGES IN PREGNANCY. "In normal pregnancy, invasion of the uterus by trophoblasts is followed by dramatic elimination of the rich uterine innervation present in the non-pregnant state, and by remodeling of maternal spiral arteries." http://lnkd.in/ddZFqSX View in LinkedIn

PLACENTAL PACEMAKER? "Placental vessels are not innervated. Therefore the vasomotor activity and vascular tone is not regulated by the nervous system. We propose that rhythmic contractions are triggered by pacemaker cells located in the circular layer of the smooth muscle of blood vessels and spread via gap junctions." http://europepmc.org/abstract/MED/11776962 View in LinkedIn

THE PLACENTA IS A REMARKABLE ORGAN. "Placentas have three functions: the exchange of nutrient and waste materials between mother and fetus, the manufacture and secretion of hormones, and the maintenance of an immunologic barrier." This lovely review of the placenta may change your view of that big piece of meat that appears at birth. http://lnkd.in/dgskpUQ View in LinkedIn

GENDER AND PLACENTAL LOCATION. "Dramatic differences were detected in chorionic villi / placental location according to gender. 97.2% of the male fetuses had a chorionic villi/placenta location on the right side of the uterus whereas, 2.4% had a chorionic villi/placenta location to the left of the uterus." http://www.obgyn.net/articles/relationship-between-placental-location-and-fetal-gender-ramzi%25E2%2580%2599s-method View in LinkedIn

HUMAN PLACENTAL SEXOME. "Fetal sex influences gene expression and produces functional differences in human placentas ... there are cell-phenotype specific, and tissue-specific, sex-biased responses in the human placenta." http://lnkd.in/d6UuzgR View in LinkedIn