Category: Uncategorized

INCREASING ADDICTION. "Modern cigarettes are very different from cigarettes of the past, in that they have been extensively engineered to be delivery devices ... Evidence from tobacco industry documents indicates that additives have been used to increase free base nicotine and addiction potential and to mask and treat symptoms." https://lnkd.in/dazJ8n2 View in LinkedIn

FRAGMENT IN NATURE. Continuing the initiative to take a weekly break from a big topic, this one is about seashell form, pattern, genetics, physical properties, and structural color. These small wet creatures fabricate the most diverse and symmetrical shells, manage to paint complex patterns, and iridescent colors, all from within the growing shell. View in LinkedIn

QUITTING IS HARD. "Withdrawal symptoms ... generally peak in intensity 3-5 days after you quit, and usually disappear after 2 weeks, although some may persist for several months: Tingling in the hands and feet; Sweating; Intestinal disorders (cramps, nausea); Headaches; Sore throat, coughing, and signs of a cold." http://www.nytimes.com/health/guides/specialtopic/smoking-and-smokeless-tobacco/symptoms-of-withdrawal.html View in LinkedIn

NICOTINE POTENTIATOR IN ADDITIVES. " Acetaldehyde, which has been studied extensively as a metabolite of ethanol is also present in tobacco smoke in a concentration half that of nicotine. We have previously shown a synergistic interaction of nicotine and acetaldehyde in self-administration in juveniles, which was not observed in adults." http://www.nature.com/npp/journal/v32/n9/full/1301327a.html View in LinkedIn

THE NICOTINE NICHE. "With growing regulatory pressure against cigarettes ... tobacco companies seem to be reframing their business as maintaining nicotine addiction through other products ... Thus, it seems that now, as in 1963, tobacco companies remain firmly entrenched in “…the business of selling nicotine." http://tobaccocontrol.bmj.com/content/21/2/92.full View in LinkedIn

ENHANCED NICOTINE KINETICS. "The amount of freebase nicotine in cigarette smoke increases as the alkalinity, or pH, increases. This factor can be influenced by the use of certain additives. "It is likely that ingredients such as ammonia and urea account for this addiction-enhancing effect. But you can also adjust the chemistry of the smoke by adjusting the blend." https://lnkd.in/d9E4Jw4 View in LinkedIn

CRACK NICOTINE. "Previous research has shown that a drug's addictiveness is influenced by the speed at which it is delivered to the brain and absorbed into and from the blood stream. The study shows that the modern cigarette does to nicotine what crack does to cocaine." https://lnkd.in/d9E4Jw4 View in LinkedIn

CRACK NICOTINE. "Some cigarettes have a "kick" containing 35 times more "freebase" nicotine - the most addictive form - than others ... The findings could help rate the addictiveness of different brands." https://lnkd.in/d9E4Jw4 View in LinkedIn

ENGINEERED ADDICTION. "Tobacco industry documents indicate the companies precisely control the delivery and amount of nicotine to create and sustain addiction." Create and sustain addiction. " "2014_06_19_DesignedforAddiction_web.pdf View in LinkedIn

AS STRONG AS HEROIN OR ALCOHOL. "Among heroin addicts, about 38 percent rank the urge to smoke as equal to or stronger than the urge to take heroin. Among those addicted to alcohol, about 50 percent say the urge to smoke is at least as strong as the urge to drink." https://lnkd.in/dTpG4wq View in LinkedIn