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MINERAL BOTTLENECK. "Soil resources tend to limit plant growth. No additional C can be fixed if water, N, or P cannot be acquired in sufficient quantities. Even in rich soils, as plant numbers increase per unit soil, resources per plant decline. Second, mycorrhizae alter the competitive outcomes between mycorrhizal plants, and between mycotrophic and nonmycotrophic plants." https://lnkd.in/e7Tq5KC View in LinkedIn

NUTRITIONAL EXCHANGE. "Plants depend on mycorrhizal fungal filaments to supply them with a stunning proportion of their needed water and minerals. In some forests, these fungi provide the plants with up to 80% of their nitrogen and 90% of their phosphorus. The fungi, in turn, depend on plants to provide them with organic compounds needed for their own growth." https://lnkd.in/e4xrzsX View in LinkedIn

SAPROPHYTES. "Unlike plants, fungi cannot make their own food. They absorb their food from dead organic matter, or other living organisms. The source of their food is called a substrate if it is dead, and a host if it is living." https://lnkd.in/eA73aJm View in LinkedIn

OTHER APPLICATIONS. "Beyond the challenges posed by optical waves, cloaking has been studied and proposed for sound, mechanical, seismic, and even matter waves. This has been possible because all these phenomena are governed by wave equations, in many ways analogous to the way electromagnetic signals and light propagate." https://lnkd.in/ejq5Tyt View in LinkedIn

FUNGI KEY FOR PLANT NUTRITION. "Mycorrhizas, not roots, are the chief organs of nutrient uptake." https://lnkd.in/ezApC35 View in LinkedIn

NEW FRONTIER. "There’s a new wave of sound on the horizon carrying with it a broad scope of tantalizing potential applications, including advanced ultrasonic imaging and therapy, and acoustic cloaking, levitation and particle manipulation." https://lnkd.in/eN74kab View in LinkedIn

BIDIRECTIONAL CARBON. "Although it had been stated that this traffic in carbon is unidirectional—plants-to-fungi—some 400 species of non-photosynthetic plants (e.g., Indian pipes) that lack chlorophyll are proof to the contrary. For these mycoheterotrophs, mycorrhizae are the primary suppliers of essential carbon compounds." https://lnkd.in/e4xrzsX View in LinkedIn

"RELATED CONCEPTS, such as invisible particles, non-radiating source distributions, low-scattering antennas, and the non-uniqueness of the inverse scattering problem have been investigated by the scientific community over the last century." https://lnkd.in/eV48D4C View in LinkedIn

GIANT FUNGAL CARBON SINK. "Recent research has shown that mycorrhizal fungi hold 50 to 70 percent of the total carbon stored in leaf litter and soil on forested islands in Sweden." https://lnkd.in/epkWVrv View in LinkedIn

"RELATED CONCEPTS, such as invisible particles, non-radiating source distributions, low-scattering antennas, and the non-uniqueness of the inverse scattering problem have been investigated by the scientific community over the last century." https://lnkd.in/eV48D4C View in LinkedIn