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SOUND VS LIGHT. "Acoustic waves are mechanical, which means that they cannot travel through a vacuum, whereas light waves are electromagnetic and can travel through a vacuum. Whereas a light wave can have two independent polarizations, an elastic wave in a homogeneous solid has three independent polarizations." The key difference between sound and light waves. https://lnkd.in/ehwDYhR View in LinkedIn

"IN A PHONIC CRYSTAL the density and/or elastic constants of the structure change periodically. This changes the speed of sound in the crystal, which, in turn, leads to the formation of a phononic band gap." Analogy of sound and light waves. https://lnkd.in/ehwDYhR View in LinkedIn

PHOTONIC CRYSTALS. "The field of phononic crystals is only about 10 years old and many important questions are just being raised. Phononic crystals will provide researchers in acoustics and ultrasonics with new components that offer the same level of control over sound that mirrors and lenses provide over light." https://lnkd.in/ehwDYhR View in LinkedIn

FUTURE DIRECTIONS. "The major applications of hyperbolic media: subwavelength imaging and photonic density of states engineering. The major future work in this area will be about engineering the coherent, thermal and quantum state of light. Another major direction will be the fluctuational and macroscopic quantum electrodynamics of metamaterials." https://lnkd.in/ePrzn3K View in LinkedIn

A PHOTONIC HYPER-CRYSTAL "which combines the most interesting features of hyperbolic metamaterials and photonic crystals. Similar to hyperbolic metamaterials, photonic hyper-crystals exhibit broadband divergence in their photonic density of states due to the lack of usual diffraction limit on the photon wave vector." https://lnkd.in/euPD3KU View in LinkedIn

"THE BAND GAP in a photonic crystal is caused by a periodic variation in the refractive index of an artificially structured material." But remember that these structures have arisen many times independently in nature. https://lnkd.in/ehwDYhR View in LinkedIn

SPECIAL PROPERTIES. "This phenomenon is well known in physics: the electrons in a semiconductor can only occupy certain energy bands, while photonic crystals only allow light in certain frequency ranges to travel through them." https://lnkd.in/ehwDYhR View in LinkedIn

ANKYRIN REPEATS (AR) "In TRPA1, they have been proposed to be involved in trafficking, mechanical gating and activation by thermal stimuli. Additionally, the ARs contain an EF hand-like motif that may directly interact with intracellular Ca2+, an important modulator of TRPA1 activity." https://lnkd.in/e-WBvC9 View in LinkedIn

"PHOTONIC CRYSTALS make use of the fundamental properties of waves, such as scattering and interference, to create “band gaps” – ranges of wavelength or frequency within which waves cannot propagate through the structure." https://lnkd.in/ehwDYhR View in LinkedIn

REPEAT MOLECULAR MOTIF. "TRPA1 is named for the numerous ankyrin repeats (ARs) on its notably long N-terminus (∼720 amino acids). ARs are 33-amino-acid-long motifs that are generally involved in protein-protein interactions and targeting to the plasma membrane." https://lnkd.in/e-WBvC9 View in LinkedIn