Category: Uncategorized

TOP HIERARCHY. "Our working theory is that we don’t need to study all 10,000 genes expressed in a cell...Super-enhancers will point us to ones that are the most important.” https://lnkd.in/ezRUFD5 View in LinkedIn

THE LIST of the top hierarchical genes is considerable. The higher up the strata of control, the smaller the numbers appear to be, although the search is far from over. So far, there does not appear to be a single, or just a few command genes, but rather a group of super-powerful controlling genes that act in concert. View in LinkedIn

SUPER-ENHANCERS AS DISEASE HOT-SPOTS. "These results confirm that much of disease-associated DNA sequence variation occurs in transcriptional regulatory regions of the genome, indicate that most of this variation occurs in enhancers, and reveal that variation disproportionately impacts super-enhancer domains." https://lnkd.in/eY3t4KN View in LinkedIn

TRANSCRIPTION HUB. "The complex, which consists of ∼30 polypeptides, shows conservation from yeast to humans and plays an indispensable role in regulating transcription. it soon emerged that multiple pathways responsible for cell growth, differentiation or tissue development were able to converge on one or more of the almost 30 subunits of Mediator through transcriptional regulators, suggesting that Mediator acts as a centralized ‘hub’ or ‘integrator’ for transcriptional regulation." https://lnkd.in/ez4iBiB View in LinkedIn

THE BEAUTY PARADE. "We have generated a catalogue of super-enhancers in 86 human cell and tissue types and shown that these are associated with genes encoding cell type-specific transcription factors and other components that play important roles in cell type-specific biology." https://lnkd.in/eTiMHmY View in LinkedIn

MYC, A HIGH PROFILE REGULATORY GENE, "is one of the most referenced molecules in biology; since its isolation in the chicken genome in early 1980s, plenty of literature has covered the many aspects of its function. Despite that, the last decade has witnessed its unanticipated appearance in several cellular mechanisms, demonstrating that we are still far from composing a complete picture of its biological potential." A long way to go still. https://lnkd.in/e8xJvuY View in LinkedIn

KEY GENES. "Recent studies suggest that key genes regulating cell type-specific functions reside in enhancer-dense genomic regions (i.e., super enhancers, stretch enhancers)." https://lnkd.in/eui_mzh View in LinkedIn

TISSUE MASTER GENES. "Some DNA-binding transcription factors, also called ‘master regulators’, have the ability to determine lineage-specific transcriptional programs. For example, MyoD, PPARγ and Runx2 control the gene programs leading to differentiation into skeletal muscle, adipocytes and osteocytes, respectively." https://lnkd.in/ez4iBiB View in LinkedIn

"SUPER ENHANCERS are enhancer-dense regions found near genes that play key roles in determining cellular identity." https://lnkd.in/eBuSbSN View in LinkedIn

DECODING JUNK DNA. "In a paper published in Nature in 2012, ENCODE researchers concluded that 80% of the human genome is functional. Ever since, commentators have argued over what large swaths of non-coding DNA might be doing. Super-enhancers, which can occupy tens of kilobases, suggest a use for at least some of this DNA. In fact, published ENCODE work foreshadowed the super-enhancer discovery." https://lnkd.in/ezRUFD5 View in LinkedIn