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OTHER MEMBRANE FUSION ROLES. "Syncytin-1 and Syncytin-2...these ERV proteins, in addition to their localization at the cell surface of cytotrophoblasts, are also incorporated on the surface of various extracellular microvesicles, including exosomes." https://lnkd.in/eNxap6v View in LinkedIn

MID-GESTATIONAL TRANSITION. "The transition is not simply due to the expansion of an individual cell type, but appears to be a global shift in gene usage in the absence of major morphological change." https://lnkd.in/eN_bZTg View in LinkedIn

THOUSANDS OF GENES. "A comprehensive expression profiling encompassing the full lifetime of the murine placenta from embryonic day 8.5, at the time of chorioallantoic fusion, until postnatal day 0 (P0), just after birth, uncovered a striking molecular transition occurring during mid-gestation. This transition separates two phases of placentation that are distinct on a molecular level and encompasses thousands of genes." https://lnkd.in/eN_bZTg View in LinkedIn

ROLE IN ALS. "Ancient retroviral genes found to contribute to ALS." https://lnkd.in/ewhe2gK View in LinkedIn

"INNOVATORS rarely come up with new ideas; instead, they convert old ideas into new ones, adapting them from one context to another. https://lnkd.in/ekkzkwr View in LinkedIn

FUNCTIONAL ERVs. "Although most ERV sequences in the human genome are coding defective, some HERVs still encode proteins that appear to have become essential human genes or that appear to be involved in human diseases." http://www.els.net/WileyCDA/ElsArticle/refId-a0020825.html View in LinkedIn

RECOMBINANT INNOVATION. "Thomas Edison, Henry Ford, and now their modern counterparts were able to create one breakthrough after another because they built innovation strategies around recombining existing technologies rather than inventing new ones." https://lnkd.in/eGbBMDi View in LinkedIn

"A HERV encoded protein is essentially involved in placenta development. Other HERV encoded proteins may serve as biomarkers for certain tumour types or may be involved in tumour development." http://www.els.net/WileyCDA/ElsArticle/refId-a0020825.html View in LinkedIn

LUCKY FLUKE. "It is amazing to think that an evolutionary innovation of such consequence — the placenta — was essentially pulled from the genomic junk drawer!" http://schaechter.asmblog.org/schaechter/2014/06/retroviruses-the-placenta-and-the-genomic-junk-drawer.html View in LinkedIn

MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS. "Several viruses have been proposed as co-factors of MS. Among them, there were some members of the family of Herpesviridae, such as the human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6), and the Epstein- Barr virus (EBV), along with HERV- W/MSRV/syncytin-1." http://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/26142666/1316 View in LinkedIn