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SNAPSHOT. "Even considering only one splice variant per gene, approximately 20,000 protein-coding genes must be handled and ~200 million protein pairs tested to generate a comprehensive binary reference PPI map" (protein-protein interaction map)." https://lnkd.in/ekfTsQz View in LinkedIn

FRAGMENT FROM NATURE this weekend focuses on the subject of biological complexity. Too often, scientists are so engaged in the minutiae of their usually narrow investigations, that the bigger picture is forgotten, or fleetingly appreciated. It is hard to find career scientists engaged with big picture topics, and is an unfortunate consequence of our funding limitations. View in LinkedIn

WE ARE MOSAIC BEINGS. "Phages are the puppet masters; they insure that essential biochemical processes run smoothly." https://lnkd.in/eaHyvSK View in LinkedIn

"THE INDIVIDUAL UNIT in microbiology is not the cell; the primary unit is the organismal community. Cells develop in organismal community; they don’t give rise to them; the evolution of the cell takes place in the framework of this community. The individual organism more tightly coupled to the whole than we recognized." http://www.wired.com/2008/02/complexity-theo/ View in LinkedIn

LIVING AT THE BORDER. "They are all incredibly small; at just a few nanometres across, they lie on the border of measurability between quantum and classical physics, all but impossible to see without a scanning electron microscope. Like their hosts, phages are everywhere—in dirt, water, intestines, hot springs, Arctic ice cores." https://lnkd.in/eaHyvSK View in LinkedIn

NETWORKED COMMUNITIES. "Bacteria — which may account for up to half of Earth’s biomass — swap genes without reproducing; with millions residing in a teaspoon of seawater, Woese sees them in terms of networked communities rather than individual cells, and interprets their evolutionary history as driven by the non-linear self-organization that’s now being studied at all biological scales." http://www.wired.com/2008/02/complexity-theo/ View in LinkedIn

PHAGES "promise to be the largest source of genetic diversity on Earth, a reservoir of untapped DNA with possible applications in health care, energy, agriculture, and beyond." https://lnkd.in/eaHyvSK View in LinkedIn

Daniel Oliver View in LinkedIn

VIRAL DARK MATTER. "In 2010, he and several of his collaborators were awarded a three-million-dollar National Science Foundation grant to investigate what they call viral dark matter, the estimated two billion pieces of unknown genetic code that likely exist only in the genomes of phages." https://lnkd.in/eaHyvSK View in LinkedIn

EMERGENT PHENOMENA. "The jumps — saltations, in complexity parlance — appear to be non-linear emergent phenomena, the result of networked interactions that produce self-organization at ever higher levels. From this perspective, Darwinian evolution is a mechanism of a higher universal law, perhaps even a variant on the second law of thermodynamics." http://www.wired.com/2008/02/complexity-theo/ View in LinkedIn