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CONDITION SPECIFIC. "The detected presence of plant miRNAs appears to depend on the type of diet fed to experimental animals, with clearly increased plasma levels being found a few hours after a meal. Some of these miRNAs were reported to affect gene expression in mammalian tissues." https://lnkd.in/e7k83PD View in LinkedIn

DIFFERENCES. "A different group of researchers could not detect plant microRNAs after feeding in mice and studies in humans did not lead to detectable amounts of microRNAs in the plasma after consumption of fruits and broccoli sprouts. In contrast, Lukasik and Zielenkiewicz identified plant-derived microRNAs in exosomes of human and porcine breast milk and, by using a bioinformatics approach, predicted their potential human target mRNAs." https://lnkd.in/erkHGt5 View in LinkedIn

CONTRADICTORY RESULTS. "The presence of exogenous plant miRNAs and their kinetics in human and animal plasma/serum have been rigorously studied by various investigators ever since this discovery. Although some follow-up studies have detected plant miRNAs in human plasma, others have obtained contradictory results." https://lnkd.in/ejyM8yt View in LinkedIn

COW MILK TO HUMAN. "Through a milk feeding experiment, we have validated 9 cow-milk microRNAs in human plasma." https://lnkd.in/eVc5i_G View in LinkedIn

CASE OF NON-FUNCTIONAL TRANSFER. "Mulberry miRNAs are convincingly transferred to the silkworm orally and no physiological process associated with the miRNAs was demonstrable. The results provided a new aspect of cross-kingdom miRNA transfer." https://lnkd.in/ecyjYr4 View in LinkedIn

LONG DISTANCE SIGNALS. "Cross-kingdom RNAi events demonstrate that gene silencing signals can travel extracellularly over long distances and, in terms of plant–microbe interaction, across plant and pathogen cell walls, membranes, cuticular layers and other cellular boundaries. However, the underlying mechanisms of trafficking of RNAi signals still remain enigmatic." https://lnkd.in/evpzgrd View in LinkedIn

"CROSS-KINGDOM RNAi describes the phenomenon in which a donor organism produces an RNAi trigger that moves into a recipient organism and causes gene silencing. Cross-kingdom RNAi occurs during host plant–pathogen interaction, and can take place in both directions: (i) sRNAs produced by a pathogen to be delivered into host cells to silence host genes; and (ii) a host-produced gene silencing trigger to suppress pathogen gene(s)." (sRNA = smallRNA or microRNA; RNAi = RNA interference) https://lnkd.in/evpzgrd View in LinkedIn

After the leaks today showing just what it really stands for, this could be the end for TTIP. At last!! View in LinkedIn

LEAVES AND ORGANS LINKED. "miRNAs regulate the growth and development of root, leaf, and flower in plants, and have important roles in the development of organs in animals." https://lnkd.in/ecyjYr4 View in LinkedIn

"MARINE MAMMALS from different mammalian orders share several phenotypic traits adapted to the aquatic environment and therefore represent a classic example of convergent evolution. Our comparative genomic analyses found that convergent amino acid substitutions were widespread throughout the genome and that a subset of these substitutions were in genes evolving under positive selection and putatively associated with a marine phenotype." https://lnkd.in/eBMUXjN View in LinkedIn