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DIETARY MICRO-RNA. "It has been recently discovered that human can absorb certain exosomal microRNAs from cow’s milk." https://lnkd.in/ej7XF-E View in LinkedIn

VISION AND ECHOLOCATION. "Our genome-wide analysis shows that natural selection has acted on three echolocating lineages (cetaceans and two separate bat lineages) to produce a complex pattern of changes in protein sequence, including both divergent and, more surprisingly, extensive convergent changes." https://lnkd.in/epGtvrz View in LinkedIn

COW MILK. "Recently Zempleni and co-workers have demonstrated that humans seem to absorb cow milk derived microRNAs in significant concentrations and that these microRNAs seem to affect gene expression in human white blood cells, cultured kidney cells, and mouse liver." https://lnkd.in/erkHGt5 View in LinkedIn

ECHOLOCATION. "Here we analyse genomic sequence data in mammals that have independently evolved echolocation and show that convergence is not a rare process restricted to several loci but is instead widespread, continuously distributed and commonly driven by natural selection acting on a small number of sites per locus." https://lnkd.in/epGtvrz View in LinkedIn

COLOSTRUM MiRNAs. "A greater number of immune-related miRNAs have been detected in the colostrum than in mature milk. Therefore, certain immune-related exogenous miRNAs that may exist in the colostrum are expected to influence an infant’s immune system." https://lnkd.in/eqwgs-g View in LinkedIn

BAT ECHOLOCATION. "Divergent clades of echolocating bats seem to have undergone convergent amino acid replacements in several genes implicated in hearing. Furthermore, some candidate hearing genes also show parallel changes in echolocating bats and whales, again suggesting roles in high-frequency hearing." https://lnkd.in/epGtvrz View in LinkedIn

BAT VISION. "Parallel and Convergent Evolution of the Dim-Light Vision Gene RH1 in Bats (Order: Chiroptera)." An impressive study of the rhodopsin gene in numerous bat clades, showing convergent evolution of this important visual molecule. https://lnkd.in/eEJwPzg View in LinkedIn

TOXIC TOAD FEEDING REPTILES. "Importantly, resistance in all taxa is mediated by replacements of 2 of the 12 amino acids comprising the Na+/K+-ATPase H1–H2 extracellular domain that constitutes a core part of the cardiac glycoside binding site." Exquisite sensitivity. https://lnkd.in/e8bgnWm View in LinkedIn

SIMPLEST RESISTANCE. "In toad-feeding reptiles, resistance is conferred by two point mutations that have evolved convergently on four occasions, whereas evidence of a molecular reversal back to the susceptible state in varanid lizards migrating to toad-free areas suggests that toxin resistance is maladaptive in the absence of selection." https://lnkd.in/e8bgnWm View in LinkedIn

RARE POINT MUTATION EFFECTS. "Phenotypic convergence has indeed been connected to identical replacements of single amino acids within the encoded product of a protein-coding gene occurring independently in unrelated taxa; however, such examples are rare." https://lnkd.in/eBMUXjN View in LinkedIn