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REGULATORY REACH. "The phenotypic variation in complex organisms is the result of a different use of a set of protein-coding core components. The higher order regulation in non-protein-coding genome architecture is able to manage a larger genetic data set in its phenotypic range." https://lnkd.in/eDswHmC View in LinkedIn

FUNDAMENTAL. "No single organism is able to communicate as an emergent property." https://lnkd.in/eydeQqR View in LinkedIn

SOURCE OF VARIATION. "Cellular differentiation and phenotypic variation result primarily from variations in this high order regulation, not in the proteins themselves." https://lnkd.in/eDswHmC View in LinkedIn

COMMUNICATION. "The organization of life depends on successful intra-, inter- and metaorganismic communication processes. Interestingly, rule governed sign mediated interactions are not only the basis for human communication and coordination but a true principle of life itself." https://lnkd.in/eDswHmC View in LinkedIn

GENOTYPE AND PHENOTYPE SPLIT. "RNA world agents: where the genotype is the phenotype. With the split into a RNA world and a DNA world that codes for proteins with a non-repeat genetic syntax the split between the genotype and the phenotype emerged." https://lnkd.in/eg6uePF View in LinkedIn

COMPLEXITY FROM SIMPLICITY. "Using a finite number of signs and finite number of grammatic, semantic and pragmatic rules, existing rules of sign use can be indefinitely expanded, altered and/or newly combined to yield a new genetic text, new species, genera, organismic kingdoms, new forms of behavior, and new norms of (human) actions." https://lnkd.in/eDswHmC View in LinkedIn

FINITE SIGNS. "Languages (human and non human, bee languages) have a finite number of signs. They stand in relation to each other in an orderly manner which we term syntactic or grammatic rules. These must be followed in a correct way or they fail. Modern biological research documents very clearly, that interactions in and between living organisms are sign mediated and rule governed." https://lnkd.in/eDswHmC View in LinkedIn

"THE STRUCTURE of the genome itself is a linguistic one, more analog in eubacteria, more symbolic in archaebacteria and (higher) eukaryotes." https://lnkd.in/eDswHmC View in LinkedIn

LINGUISTIC ORGANIZATION. "The genome is linguistically structured and communicatively organized." A compact phrase that unpacks wide and deep. https://lnkd.in/eDswHmC View in LinkedIn

ALTERNATIVE STRATEGY. "Petals of unopened daylily (Hemerocallis sp.) flowers, in contrast, contained no starch but a high concentration of fructan, an oligosaccharide with a high number of fructose monomers. Upon flower opening, fructan was rapidly degraded. Fructan also accumulated in the petals of Phipssia algida and Campanula rapunculoides, prior to opening." http://jxb.oxfordjournals.org/content/54/389/1801.full View in LinkedIn