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EXCEPTIONS EXIST. "In some lineages, aspects of polyploidization are repeated across multiple origins, but in other species multiple origins behave more stochastically in terms of genetic and phenotypic change." https://lnkd.in/bCmw3Fr View in LinkedIn

POLYPLOIDY RULES. "We found that while certain rules may govern gene retention and loss, systems vary in the prevalence of gene silencing vs. homeolog loss, chromosomal change, the presence of a dominant genome (in allopolyploids), and the relative importance of hybridization vs. genome doubling per se." https://lnkd.in/bCmw3Fr View in LinkedIn

"EXTRAFLORAL NECTARIES are nectar-secreting parts of the plant surface other than flowers. These organs are not directly involved in pollination, and can be found on virtually all aboveground plant parts. Plants bearing extrafloral nectaries are widely distributed around the world. About 114 plant families with more than 700 genera and 4000 species of plants, including pteridophytes, gymnosperms and angiosperms, are known to possess extrafloral nectaries to date." https://lnkd.in/ewhdr2N View in LinkedIn

DIFFUSE EFFECT. "Although further tests are needed, it is likely that selection following whole-genome duplication is important in all types of species interaction and that there are circumstances in which polyploidy can enhance the evolvability of interactions with other species." https://lnkd.in/bCmw3Fr View in LinkedIn

UNUSUAL SEX LIFE. "The morphology of angiosperm sex organs (flowers), rather than fitting those of the opposite sex, must generate a lock-and-key fit with the animals that visit them. These visitors do not normally come for sex; instead they are paid for their services, typically by means of sugary nectar or surplus pollen. Plants advertise these rewards with showy displays to assist pollinators in finding them." https://lnkd.in/e97k43F View in LinkedIn

COLLATERAL EFFECTS. "From the scarce evidence available, we found that novel interactions are rare but that polyploidy can induce changes in pollinator, herbivore, and pathogen interactions." https://lnkd.in/bCmw3Fr View in LinkedIn

DARWIN'S EULOGY. "The more I study nature, the more I become impressed […] that the contrivances and beautiful adaptations [acquired through natural selection] transcend in an incomparable degree [those] which the most fertile imagination of the most imaginative man could suggest with unlimited time at his disposal." https://lnkd.in/eykUy37 View in LinkedIn

Nobel Prize in Physics awarded to British trio for study of exotic matter View in LinkedIn

SUPER-PLOIDY. "Most flowering plant lineages have undergone multiple rounds of polyploidy in their ancestry, a process that is ongoing in many lineages. Consequently, supposedly diploid species are in fact palaeopolyploids. For example, the ‘diploid’ A. thaliana may be as high as 48-ploid, and ‘tetraploid’ cytotypes (96-ploid) exist in nature." http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959437X15001057 View in LinkedIn

WHOLE GENOME DUPLICATION. "Following a WGD in the common ancestor of all extant angiosperms, a complex pattern of both ancient and recent polyploidy is evident across angiosperm phylogeny. In several cases, ancient WGDs are associated with increased rates of species diversification." http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369526616300425 View in LinkedIn