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QUALITY EDITING. "Importantly, the segregation of translation from both transcription and RNA processing provided an opportunity for nuclear quality-control processes to eliminate misprocessed and spurious transcripts that did not meet the minimal requirements of “mRNA identity” before these RNAs ever encountered a ribosome." http://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.1004351 View in LinkedIn

RNA PROCESSING SEGREGATION. "Not only would this segregation prevent translating ribosomes from interfering with the splicing reaction (and vice versa) but would also prevent the translation of incompletely processed mRNAs, which often encode toxic proteins." http://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.1004351 View in LinkedIn

FIND THE WHY behind the diverse collections in themes, so that the organizing principles at the highest level start to emerge from the quacking populous of quirky diversity. Ever strive to join the dots between deep silos of specialized, often brilliant, and obscure scholarship. Concepts are hard won, wrested from the warm wet substratum of life itself. View in LinkedIn

JEWELS OF DARWIN. When hunting in the bowels of research, make sure that you are organized into clear and defined sections, but also permit a stream of connected consciousness to be your guide; boxes can be misleading. Then collect the truly beautiful, the weird and the downright gnarly just as you would a collection of rare stamps with esoteric misprints. No single living thing is too small or insignificant to not deserve rapt attention. More often than not, the one informs the other. View in LinkedIn

IF PASSIONATE ABOUT STUDYING NATURE, you will need to gird yourself with a systematic approach. First, collect the invaluable natural gems. Second, permit their internal logic to become revealed. Without this grid, it is easy to get lost in the forest of endless imagination. However, with this, you will have a hunting dog to inform and enthrall for the remaining hours of this all to brief life. View in LinkedIn

SONG OF DARWIN. "The more I study nature, the more I become impressed […] that the contrivances and beautiful adaptations [acquired through natural selection] transcend in an incomparable degree [those] which the most fertile imagination of the most imaginative man could suggest with unlimited time at his disposal." https://lnkd.in/eykUy37 View in LinkedIn

SO ENDS this peek at the most curious of rights of passage to enter new niches, avoid kin competition, and use new foods. Surely, there must be more to have gone to that much trouble for? While the how is deeply intriguing, the why remains elusive. Despite our ignorance, this lifestyle is widespread among some of the most successful insects on this planet. For science, how is often easier to answer than why. View in LinkedIn

MICRO-RNAs. "Recently, a number of reports have pointed to microRNAs (miRNAs) as important players in the metamorphic transition, in hemimetabolan as well as in holometabolan species. One of the more dramatic demonstrations that miRNAs are involved in insect metamorphosis was reported by Gomez-Orte & Belles, who silenced dicer-1 expression by RNAi in the last nymphal instar of the cockroach Blattella germanica, and obtained supernumerary nymphs after the following moult, instead of adults." https://lnkd.in/e-GPevs View in LinkedIn

GENE ACTIVATION. "Insect metamorphosis is hormonally regulated, and the most important hormones are the ecdysteroid 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E), which determines the successive moults, and the terpenoid juvenile hormone (JH), which represses the expression of adult features. Each hormone exerts its respective action through a cascade of transcription factors that transduce the hormonal signal to the effector genes." https://lnkd.in/e-GPevs View in LinkedIn

TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS. "The genetic switch between immature and adult forms in both types of insects relies on the disappearance of the antimetamorphic juvenile hormone (JH) and the transcription factors Krüppel-homolog 1 (Kr-h1) and Broad-Complex (BR-C) during the last juvenile instar." http://www.pnas.org/content/111/19/7024.full View in LinkedIn