LATERAL GENE TRANSFER (LTG) is quite common in higher animals and can be large as bacterial-sized LTGs. “Some eukaryotes have extensive vertically inherited LGT despite barriers (the nucleus, the immune system, and protected germ cells).” DNA is transferred from mitochondria and chloroplasts to the eukaryotic nucleus. “These organelles originated from α-proteobacteria and cyanobacteria, respectively. LGT from bacteria to eukaryotes…is also…widespread, particularly from endosymbionts. Wolbachia endosymbionts infect up to 70% of all insects”. ”
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“doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1003107