CLOSED LOOP SOCIETY. “Since very little trade was allowed, Japan had to be self-sufficient. The society ran as a very efficient closed loop system where all waste was used to support production and previously produced items were repaired and reused. In a closed loop system there is no waste produced that is not used. One simple example of this closed loop system is the use of night soil. Night soil is a term used for human excrement collected for fertilize.”
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