MARGULIS’S ENDOSYMBIOSIS THEORY. “Although the endosymbiotic origin of eukaryotic plastids and mitochondrial organelles is now beyond serious question, the actual process by which bacteria transformed into highly integrated and derived organelles remains contentious. New work in aphids shows that a nuclear-encoded protein resulting from a horizontal gene transfer is targeted to a bacterial symbiont, further blurring the distinction between organelle and symbiont.”
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