SOLAR CYCLE MIN. “The activity level is at minimum during solstices when the projection of the IMF to the Earth’s field is on average at minimum. Figure 1 illustrates the close relationship of the long-term solar activity (characterized by the monthly mean of the sunspot number) and the geomagnetic activity using the planetary magnetic Ap index as a proxy.” (IMF= interplanetary magnetic field).
https://link.springer.com/article/10.12942/lrsp-2007-1