SELECTIVE FLIGHT. “As an overarching principle, the final step to eusociality can occur with the substitution of only one allele or a small set of alleles. Throughout the great diversity of living ant species, for example, the coexistence of winged reproductive females and wingless worker females is a basic trait of colonial life. Judging from the phylogenetically well-separated flies (order Diptera) and butterflies (order Lepidoptera), wing development is directed throughout the winged insects by an unchanged regulatory gene network.”
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