NUCLEOSYNTHESIS. “We see that for high metallicities (Z ≳ −1.5), a very large stellar progenitor (≳90M⊙) will be required to produce the massive black holes of the type that have been observed in mergers by LIGO. Lower metallicity populations require less extreme progenitors.” (LIGO = an observatory; M⊙ = unit of stellar mass in suns).
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