Month: September 2022

NEW PARADIGM. "The differential view of the GP relationship helps to clarify the genetic and environmental effects on phenotypes and their connection." (GP = genotype-phenotype relationship)." https://lnkd.in/d3vzXnd View in LinkedIn

SO ENDS the peek into radically new thinking about the relationship between genes and traits. The overused word wholistic applies here as never before: in an environmental context. No longer genes causing phenotypes due to their mutations and sequences; but rather, the impact of the ecosystem, non-inherited post-translational methylations of DNA, and the word of today, epigenetics, together with genes, cause the phenotype. We are not just governed by genes. View in LinkedIn

PUSH TOWARDS COMPLEXITY. "Only increasing organizational complexity, e.g. emergence of multicellular aggregates, can prevent the collapse of the host–parasite system under the pressure of parasites." https://lnkd.in/d_h9CX2 View in LinkedIn

GENE RECRUITMENT. "Comparative genomic analysis reveals numerous cases of recruitment of genes with essential functions in cellular life forms, including those that enable evolutionary transitions." https://lnkd.in/d_h9CX2 View in LinkedIn

FOSSIL GRAVEYARD. "Much of the human genome sequence, anywhere from ~50 to 70 % depending on estimates, is derived from transposable elements (TE). The vast majority of TE-derived sequences in the genome are remnants of ancient insertion events, which are no longer capable of transposition." https://lnkd.in/dUmVr_n View in LinkedIn

FUNCTIONAL GENETIC FOSSILS. "Nevertheless, there remain a few families of actively transposing human TEs; the active families of human TEs include Alu, L1 and SVA elements. All three of these active families of human TEs are retrotransposons that transpose via reverse transcription of an RNA intermediate." (TE = transposable elements). https://mobilednajournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13100-015-0052-6 View in LinkedIn

HEREDITABLE GENETIC FOSSILS. "If members of these active TE families transpose in the germline, they can create novel insertions that are capable of being inherited, thereby generating human-specific polymorphisms." (TE = transposable elements). https://lnkd.in/dUmVr_n View in LinkedIn

STABLE FOSSILS. "Since newly inserted TEs rarely undergo deletion they are highly stable polymorphisms." (TE = transposable elements). https://mobilednajournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13100-015-0052-6 View in LinkedIn

COST ENDURED. "Transposable elements (TEs) are mobile genetic elements that can self-replicate and insert elsewhere in the genome. This movement often comes with a fitness cost and yet TEs are tremendously common. They contribute more than 80% to the largest plant genomes, but are much less abundant in the smallest plant genomes." https://lnkd.in/dhVd8s4 View in LinkedIn

FOSSIL GRIST FOR THE MILL. "Transposable elements (TEs) are abundant in mammalian genomes and appear to have contributed to the evolution of their hosts by providing novel regulatory or coding sequences." https://lnkd.in/dwuaM5f View in LinkedIn