Month: September 2022

RNA CODE. "Scientists have deciphered a second genetic code that has eluded molecular biologists for two decades. The code directs one of several steps in the synthesis of proteins inside cells, the basic process of life. The second genetic code is the language of the instruction on the transfer RNA that specifies which amino acid will be attracted." https://lnkd.in/dAsTDdW View in LinkedIn

EPIGENOME. "Map of Second Genetic Code, the "Epigenome," Is Unveiled. The human genome is the sequence of all the DNA on chromosomes. The DNA is identical in every cell, from neurons to hearts to skin. It falls to the epigenome to differentiate the cells: as a result of epigenetic marks, heart muscle cells do not make brain chemicals, for instance, and neurons do not make muscle fibers." https://lnkd.in/dwV7xjc View in LinkedIn

PREDICTION. "I very much see (it) as beginning a decade of epigenomics." http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/map-of-second-genetic-code-the-epigenome-is-unveiled/ View in LinkedIn

DNA-LIKE RNA. "The discovery of “DNA-like RNA” upon phage infection in 1956 was a critical clue leading to “mRNA hypothesis” https://lnkd.in/dCi-e6y View in LinkedIn

MISTAKEN FOR NOISE. "Yet the significance of this finding was not recognized for at least five years since the “DNA like RNA” was less than 1% of total RNA (mostly rRNA) and thus assumed to be irrelevant noise." https://lnkd.in/dCi-e6y View in LinkedIn

NEW VIEW. "The conclusion was that a vast majority of the genome was transcribed." https://lnkd.in/dCi-e6y View in LinkedIn

FRAGMENT FROM NATURE contemplates the most common biological structure on this planet, a particular viral fold used widely as a structural template with phenomenal flexibility. The ingenious combination of structural stability with an enormous capacity to accommodate greatly different sized structures, and the ability to add embellishments that give new functions to parts makes this structure a unique Lego building block across biological Kingdoms. View in LinkedIn

“BACTERIOPHAGES or phages are the most abundant organisms in the biosphere and they are a ubiquitous feature of prokaryotic existence. A bacteriophage is a virus which infects a bacterium.” https://lnkd.in/dpr-Qhn View in LinkedIn

MOST ABUNDANT ON EARTH. "Viruses, in particular the tailed bacteriophages (Caudovirales), are by far the most abundant biological entities in the biosphere. Phages outnumber bacteria by a factor of ten with an estimated 10(31) virus particles on Earth." https://lnkd.in/dXvJFtt View in LinkedIn

VIRAL-BACTERIAL HYBRIDS. "Many phage genomes are integrated into bacterial chromosomes (prophages) with some species harboring as many as 20 prophages." http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0042682215001920 View in LinkedIn