Month: September 2022

SEX BIAS. "If a sexually antagonistic mutation arises in the population on the recombining, nondifferentiated part of a protosex chromosome, selection for increased linkage of the sexually antagonistic allele to the sex determination locus can cause this mutation to be transmitted more often through the sex it benefits." http://www.pnas.org/content/110/16/6453.full View in LinkedIn

David Attenborough urges action on plastics after filming Blue Planet II https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2017/oct/15/david-attenborough-urges-immediate-action-on-plastics-blue-planet?CMP=Share_iOSApp_Other View in LinkedIn

DIVERGENCE OF THE SEXES. "Loss of recombination between the sex chromosomes allows the proto-X and proto-Y (or proto-Z and proto-W) to evolve independently, and also sets the stage for the population processes causing degeneration of the nonrecombining sex chromosome." http://www.pnas.org/content/110/16/6453.full View in LinkedIn

HETEROMORPHIC IDENTITY. "Restriction of recombination across the entire length of the sex chromosomes and continuous gene decay on the Y results in heteromorphism between the X and Y (or Z and W)." http://www.pnas.org/content/110/16/6453.full View in LinkedIn

FORK IN THE ROAD. "Sex chromosomes that show low levels of differentiation are generally considered to be evolutionarily young and only at the initial stages of this path; given time, they too are expected to differentiate." http://www.pnas.org/content/110/16/6453.full View in LinkedIn

SEX CHROMOSOME DIVERSITY. "We identify over a dozen different sex chromosome configurations, and the small dot chromosome is repeatedly used as the sex chromosome, which presumably reflects the ancestral karyotype of higher Diptera." (Winged insects). https://lnkd.in/dX2rADH View in LinkedIn

MOVE OVER STANLEY GIBBONS. "We identify species with undifferentiated sex chromosomes, others in which a different chromosome replaced the dot as a sex chromosome or in which up to three chromosomal elements became incorporated into the sex chromosomes, and others yet with female heterogamety (ZW sex chromosomes)." https://lnkd.in/dX2rADH View in LinkedIn

FINE LEVEL COMPETITION OF THE FITTEST. "When a diploid individual reproduces sexually, the two alleles at heterozygous loci are necessarily in competition because reproduction by one allele must be at the expense of the other. Such competition is an inescapable component of the organismal level of evolution that was originally advanced by Darwin and later integrated with the field of genetics during the modern synthesis of the early 20th century." http://cshperspectives.cshlp.org/content/7/3/a017608.full View in LinkedIn

CONDITIONS OF COMPETITION. "If the competition is mediated by Mendelian segregation followed by (1) differences in the Darwinian fitness (i.e., survival and fecundity) that each allele produces in offspring, (2) random sampling (genetic drift), and/or (3) differences in the alleles’ mutation or migration rates, then no genetic conflict exists and only canonical evolution at the organismal level occurs." http://cshperspectives.cshlp.org/content/7/3/a017608.full View in LinkedIn

MOLECULAR COMPETITION. "Alleles can also compete outside the context of organismal evolution via diverse mechanisms of selection at the level of the gene that are collectively called genomic conflict (or selfish, ultraselfish, and parasitic DNA). Genomic conflict frequently leads to reduced fitness at the organismal level." http://cshperspectives.cshlp.org/content/7/3/a017608.full View in LinkedIn