Month: September 2022

MATTER ASYMMETRY. “These results are expected to revive interest in several proposed mechanisms for the origin of this antimatter asymmetry in the proton that had been disfavoured by previous results, and point to future measurements that can distinguish between these mechanisms.” https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03282-z View in LinkedIn

THE PROTON. “The structure of the proton is a prototypical example of a strongly coupled and correlated system with quarks and gluons interacting according to quantum chromodynamics (QCD). At large energy and momentum scales, the interaction is relatively weak, whereas at lower energy scales the picture is clouded by the increasingly strong interaction.” https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03282-z View in LinkedIn

OLD SIMPLE PROTON MODEL. “The original quark model, in which the proton consists of two up quarks (u) and one down (d) quark, has an appealing simplicity.” https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03282-z View in LinkedIn

FAR FROM SIMPLE PROTON. “Experiments that measure the distributions of quarks as a function of the fractional momentum (x) of the proton that these quarks carry have revealed a rich structure with additional quarks, antimatter quarks (antiquarks) and gluons, beyond the minimal three-quark Fock state.” https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03282-z View in LinkedIn

SLAVE TO NON-LINEARITY. “ Bateson claims that humanity will never be able to control the whole system because it does not operate in a linear fashion, and if humanity creates his own rules for the system, he opens himself up to becoming a slave to the self-made system due to the non-linear nature of cybernetics.” https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cybernetics View in LinkedIn

Gorgeous mushroom. View in LinkedIn

NOMENCLATURE. “These additional quarks and antiquarks are referred to as sea quarks. Collectively quarks and gluons are referred to as partons.” https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03282-z View in LinkedIn

PARTICLE MENAGERIE. “It is not possible to identify any individual up or down quark as a sea or valence quark, but antiquarks and strange quarks must belong to the sea, so their study promises to reveal information about the structure of the proton.” https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03282-z View in LinkedIn

TRANSFORMING PARTICLES. “The initial naive expectation was that the sea was formed predominantly by gluons splitting into quark–antiquark pairs.” https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03282-z View in LinkedIn

ZINGER. “Indeed, several authors assumed that at some low momentum scale the sea quarks and gluons vanish, and at high momentum scales they are all generated by gluon radiation and then gluon splitting. These assumptions were used to describe successfully the existing data in the late 1970s.” https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03282-z View in LinkedIn