Month: September 2022

FIRST EUROPEAN CHLORINATION. "Early attempts at implementing water chlorination at a water treatment plant were made in 1893 in Hamburg, Germany, and in 1897 the town of Maidstone, England was the first to have entire water supply treated with chlorine. Permanent water chlorination began in 1905," http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_chlorination View in LinkedIn

FIRST US CHLORINATED WATER. "One hundred years ago, on September 26, 1908, the residents of Jersey City became the first Americans to reap the health benefits of drinking water chlorination. City records show typhoid fever rates declined by over 92 percent between 1906 and 1926; similar triumphs are documented in cities across the country." http://lnkd.in/dJS6auR View in LinkedIn

PUBLIC HEALTH REVOLUTION BY CHLORINATED WATER. "By the 1920s, most U.S. city dwellers were drawing chlorinated water from their taps, and rates of waterborne diseases ... were plummeting ... the U.S. CDC calls drinking water chlorination one of the most significant public health advances in U.S. history." http://lnkd.in/dJS6auR View in LinkedIn

CLEAN WATER, A PUBLIC HEALTH TRIUMPH. "Christian of the Chlorine Chemistry Council credits filtration and chlorination of drinking water with responsibility for a large part of the 50% increase in life expectancy that has occurred in developed countries during the 20th century." http://lnkd.in/dY__ZzB View in LinkedIn

"PUBLIC DRINKING WATER IN THE US is treated rather differently from that in Europe, where ozone purification is most common, in contrast to chlorine, chloramine, or sodium hypochlorite treatment. Chloramine is becoming more popular in the US as it does not form carcinogenic byproducts." Not completely correct. http://lnkd.in/dTyfxpm View in LinkedIn

US PUBLIC WATER PRE-TREATMENTS include ... aluminum sulfate, iron sulfate, aluminium chlorohydrate, poly aluminium chloride, aluminium chlorohydrate, polyaluminium chlorosulphate, polyaluminium silicosulphate, sodium alumina the, polyferric sulphate, ferric chloride, or inorganic polymers such as PolyDADMAC ... as coagulants." http://www.wioa.org.au/conference_papers/05/paper10.htm View in LinkedIn

INDUSTRY SAYS POLYDADMAC IS SAFE. But it results in "fewer disinfection byproduct precursors." Discovered in 1957, it is a very high molecular weight polymer." This is far from the full story. http://lnkd.in/ddASPkbhttp://lnkd.in/dTyfxpm View in LinkedIn

POLYDADMAC AND EIPDMA are used in water pre-treatment as coagulants, and they "have been associated with the formation of nitrosamines. There are about 9 compounds in this general group that can be produced as DBP from chlorination. These compounds are toxic and may be carcinogenic." http://lnkd.in/dxmqCmv View in LinkedIn

"CHLORINE is a highly efficient disinfectant, and is added to public water supplies to kill disease-causing pathogens ... that commonly grow in water supply reservoirs, on the walls of water mains and in storage tanks ... cholera, typhoid fever, and dysentery killed countless people annually before disinfection methods were employed routinely." http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_chlorination View in LinkedIn

CHORINE KILLS MICROORGANISMS. "Washing whole and cut produce by dipping or submerging in chlorinated water has a sanitizing effect, although reduction in microbial populations is minimal and is usually less than 100-fold. Chlorine was generally more effective at 2,000 ppm than at 200 ppm. Inactivation of microorganisms occurred essentially within 1 min." http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/iafp/jfp/1998/00000061/00000010/art00008 View in LinkedIn