Month: September 2022

SURFACE AREA. "Nanoscale materials have far larger surface areas that similar masses of large scale materials. As surface area per mass of material increases, a greater amount of the material can come into contact with surrounding materials, thus affecting reactivity." https://lnkd.in/e-N6F8s View in LinkedIn

(SURFACE AREA:VOLUME) ratio increases dramatically as nanoscale is approached, giving different chemical and physical properties from their macro counterparts. https://lnkd.in/eVGK7pM View in LinkedIn

ILLUSTRATION. "One prime example of surface area to volume ratio at the nanoscale is gold as a nanoparticle. At the macroscale, gold is an inert element, meaning it does not react with many chemicals, whereas at the nanoscale, gold nanoparticles become extremely reactive and can be used as catalysts to speed up reactions." https://lnkd.in/eVGK7pM View in LinkedIn

THE RATIO AT NANOSCALE (surface are:volume). 1 cubic meter cube = 6 m(2) surface area; 0.1 m cube = 60 m(2); 0.1 m cube = 600 m(2); 0.001 m cube = 6000 m(2); and nano or 10(-9) m cube = 6000 km(2). Q.E.D. https://lnkd.in/eEZQ4DA View in LinkedIn

Mercury has no place in 21st century dentistry. https://lnkd.in/exrAcDp View in LinkedIn

FRAGMENT IN NATURE continues from last weekend about the ability of plants to smell, and defend themselves. What exact signals from the environment the plants pick up, how nuanced those signals are, and how the plants react to those signals, is a topic that has gained considerable knowledge in recent decades, in partly thanks to molecular biology and genetic techniques. View in LinkedIn

STATIONARY BUT FAR FROM PASSIVE. "As sessile organisms, plants have to adapt their physiological and morphological properties to the fluctuating environment. Plants perceive exogenous and endogenous stimuli, decode them, and alter their gene expression patterns via various plant hormonal signal transduction pathways." https://lnkd.in/ek3ckMU View in LinkedIn

LANDMARK PAPER. "Leaf damage induces systemic accumulation of proteinase inhibitors that impair insect digestive enzymes. This landmark paper introduced the idea that mobile signals generated at the site of injury orchestrate systemic protection against insect herbivores...a cornerstone of current theories of plant immunity." (1972). https://lnkd.in/eKj_2Vj View in LinkedIn

SHARED MOLECULAR STRATEGIES. "In both plants and animals, oxylipins derived from membrane lipids are sentinels of wound stress. The biochemical logic underlying oxylipin synthesis in plants and animals is remarkably similar." The structural diversity of oxylipins (including the jasmonates) affords functional specificity and high turnover affords an acute signal. https://lnkd.in/eKj_2Vj View in LinkedIn

ALARM SIGNALS IN PLANTS. "Tissue injury inflicted by plant-eating organisms does not go unnoticed; strong selection pressure imposed by biotic stress has fueled the evolution of innovative mechanisms by which plants perceive and respond to tissue damage. Plant hormones occupy a central role in regulating these highly dynamic adaptive responses." https://lnkd.in/eKj_2Vj View in LinkedIn