Month: September 2022

PERPLEXING MIRAGE. "In a healthy adult human, billions of cells die in the bone marrow and intestine every hour. It seems remarkably wasteful for so many cells to die, especially as the vast majority are perfectly healthy at the time they kill themselves." https://lnkd.in/eaj7Brc View in LinkedIn

FLEETING EVENTS. "Apoptosis is over 20 times faster than mitosis. Sightings of dying cells in vivo are therefore rare. Apoptotic cells are engulfed and degraded by neighboring cells without a trace." Unpacking takes less time than packing. https://lnkd.in/e2jYAUk View in LinkedIn

CARROT AND STICK. "The role of apoptosis in normal physiology is as significant as that of its counterpart, mitosis. It demonstrates a complementary but opposite role to mitosis and cell proliferation in the regulation of various cell populations." https://lnkd.in/eFmC7Ys View in LinkedIn

VAST CELLULAR TURNOVER. "It is estimated that to maintain homeostasis in the adult human body, around 10 billion cells are made each day just to balance those dying by apoptosis." https://lnkd.in/eFmC7Ys View in LinkedIn

LARGE SCALE APOPTOSIS. In the nematode worm C. Elegans, 80% of neural cells are destroyed by apoptosis during development, and in mammals, 50% of the neuronal and oligodendrogial cells die from apoptosis. https://lnkd.in/eQzMpkX View in LinkedIn

ANCIENT MOLECULAR MACHINERY. "Cells monitor their environment and continuously make decisions as to whether they should continue living. When faced with a potential apoptotic signal the cell wants to avoid triggering premature or unneeded apoptosis all the while it wants to make sure to initiate apoptosis if the signal is of significant intensity. This is achieved by balancing pro- and anti-apoptotic machineries." http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167488910002764 View in LinkedIn

MASTER SWITCHES. "It is now clear that the components of the apoptotic machinery are constitutively expressed in virtually all nucleated animal cells and that the activation of this machinery is controlled by a set of intracellular regulatory proteins that transduce signals from both inside and outside the cell." https://lnkd.in/eKW9GDr View in LinkedIn

APOPTOSIS SCULPTING. "Mouse paws, for example, are sculpted by cell death during embryonic development: they start out as spadelike structures, and the individual digits separate only as the cells between them die. In other cases, cells die when the structure they form is no longer needed. When a tadpole changes into a frog, the cells in the tail die, and the tail, which is not needed in the frog, disappears." https://lnkd.in/eaj7Brc View in LinkedIn

PRECISE CONTROL. "In adult tissues, cell death exactly balances cell division. If this were not so, the tissue would grow or shrink. If part of the liver is removed in an adult rat, for example, liver cell proliferation increases to make up the loss." https://lnkd.in/eaj7Brc View in LinkedIn

FUNCTIONAL CONSERVATION. "The core apoptotic machinery in fungi is similar to that in mammals, but the apoptotic network is less complex and of more ancient origin. Only some of the mammalian apoptosis-regulating proteins have fungal homologs, and the number of protein families is drastically reduced." https://lnkd.in/enTH_T8 View in LinkedIn