Year: 2022

PARADIGM SHIFT. "Recent years have seen a paradigm shift, in that the absoluteness of uniparental inheritance is increasingly questioned." https://lnkd.in/d34vWHz View in LinkedIn

NON-MENDELIAN HALLMARKS. "Nuclear genes usually display Mendelian segregation. In contrast, non-Mendelian inheritance patterns are characteristic of the DNA-containing cell organelles: plastids (chloroplasts) and mitochondria. The non-Mendelian inheritance of organelles is predominantly uniparental, usually maternal." https://lnkd.in/d34vWHz View in LinkedIn

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MENDELIAN DOMINANCE. "The development of modern genetics has, until very recent years, been guided by a single paradigm, the Mendelian paradigm which Gregor Mendel launched 150 years ago, and under the guidance of this paradigm the development of genetics has proceeded in a normal fashion in the spirit of logical positivism." https://lnkd.in/dzSFbAj View in LinkedIn

REVISED MENDELISM. "Modern discoveries in genetics have, however, created a situation which seems to be leading toward a paradigm shift. The most significant of these discoveries are the findings of adaptive mutations, the phenomenon of transgenerational epigenetic inheritance, and, above all, the present deeply critical state of the concept of the gene." http://www.ingentaconnect.com/contentone/ben/radnag/2015/00000009/00000001/art00005 View in LinkedIn

MUTATIONAL LOAD. "We argue that the predominance of the maternal mode is a result of higher mutational load in the paternal gamete. Uniparental inheritance evolved from relaxed organelle inheritance patterns because it avoids the spread of selfish cytoplasmic elements." https://lnkd.in/d34vWHz View in LinkedIn

LOW LEVEL RECOMBINATION. "On evolutionary timescales, uniparentally inherited organelles are susceptible to mutational meltdown (Muller's ratchet). To prevent this, fall-back to relaxed inheritance patterns occurs, allowing low levels of sexual organelle recombination." https://lnkd.in/d34vWHz View in LinkedIn

UNSTABLE TRAIT. "Since sexual organelle recombination is insufficient to mitigate the effects of selfish cytoplasmic elements, various mechanisms for uniparental inheritance then evolve again independently. Organelle inheritance must therefore be seen as an evolutionary unstable trait, with a strong general bias to the uniparental, maternal, mode." https://lnkd.in/d34vWHz View in LinkedIn

SEGMENT ONE. "The eukaryotic genome is distributed among different genetic compartments that follow contrasting modes of inheritance. Nuclear genes usually display Mendelian segregation." https://lnkd.in/d34vWHz View in LinkedIn

SEGMENT TWO. "In contrast, non-Mendelian inheritance patterns are characteristic of the DNA-containing cell organelles: plastids (chloroplasts) and mitochondria. The non-Mendelian inheritance of organelles is predominantly uniparental, usually maternal." https://lnkd.in/d34vWHz View in LinkedIn