Year: 2022

MANY DAUGHTERS. "Multiple fission, typical for some green algae, leads to division into more than two daughter cells (from 4 to 1024), in principle, 2n." https://lnkd.in/dDMwBQq View in LinkedIn

REGULATION OF MULTIPLE FISSION. "We describe the different organizational types of multiple fission cell cycles, with distinct timing of DNA replication, nuclear, and cellular divisions, and discuss how they are regulated at physiological and molecular levels." https://lnkd.in/dDMwBQq View in LinkedIn

"FRAGMENTATION is the breaking of the body into two parts with subsequent regeneration. If the animal is capable of fragmentation, and the part is big enough, a separate individual will regrow. Many sea stars reproduce asexually by fragmentation. For example, if the arm of an individual sea star is broken off it will regenerate a new sea star. Fragmentation also occurs in annelid worms, turbellarians, and poriferans." https://lnkd.in/d_e3R-w View in LinkedIn

REPRODUCTIVE FRAGMENTATION. "Simple animal species such as Asteroids, or starfish; ophiuroids, or brittlestars; and holothurians, or sea cucumbers, reproduce by way of fragmentation when splitting apart one body into two distinct separate pieces." https://lnkd.in/dSM8yGG View in LinkedIn

FRAGMENT FROM NATURE contemplates briefly the communication between green plants, as exemplified in their ability to discern family from strangers. But beyond simply knowing who is kin, they change the physical posture of their leaves, grow their roots differently, and adopt different competitive strategies when adjacent to kin. And, when a pollen grain lands on the female receptacle, they can discern genetic relatedness and choose to avoid inbreeding by rejecting the pollen. View in LinkedIn

KIN RECOGNITION. "The ability of many animals to recognize kin has allowed them to evolve diverse cooperative behaviours; such ability is less well studied for plants. Kin recognition and kin bias have long been assumed to be beyond the abilities of plants, although various pollen self-incompatibility mechanisms have been well accepted." https://lnkd.in/dsPadqZ View in LinkedIn

KIN RECOGNITION IN ANIMALS. "Many animals are able to distinguish close relatives from strangers and to act differently towards their kin. Individuals are expected to behave preferentially towards kin to increase their inclusive fitness. For example, recognition of kin allows individuals to direct altruism towards kin, avoiding the costs of behaving altruistically towards strangers." http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/280/1756/20123062.short View in LinkedIn

FUNGAL AND MICROBIAL KIN RECOGNITION. "Chemical communication plays an integral part in the rhizosphere and in larger ecological processes. The idea of kin recognition and perception of kin-specific chemical signals have long been recognized in microbial and animal models." https://lnkd.in/d_tsqB7 View in LinkedIn

"KIN SELECTION THEORY recognizes that individuals increase their inclusive fitness through behaviour that increases the fitness of related individuals. While Hamilton's rule is usually invoked to explain altruism, it also applies to competition. If kin compete less with each other, individuals increase their direct fitness by not spending resources on competition, and their indirect fitness by not reducing the fitness of neighbouring relatives." https://lnkd.in/d7SNVuH View in LinkedIn

"KIN SELECTION is facilitated by kin recognition, which allows organisms to favour relatives preferentially over strangers, reducing the costs of positive interactions. Kin and other multilevel selection has been demonstrated in plants, and self-incompatibility systems allow plants to discriminate against relatives in mating." http://rsbl.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/3/4/435.short View in LinkedIn