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EXAMPLE 3: UNITS. "Evolutionary units that reproduce together are wired together by changes to reproductive relationships that cause them to be co-inherited in future." http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11692-015-9358-z View in LinkedIn

EXAMPLE 2: SPECIES. "Species that co-occur in high-density are wired together by the evolution of ecological relationships that cause them to be co-selected in future." http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11692-015-9358-z View in LinkedIn

EXAMPLE 1: GENES. "Genes that are selected together are wired together via the evolution of gene-regulatory interactions that cause them to co-vary (be co-expressed) in future." http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11692-015-9358-z View in LinkedIn

CODE ENABLED. "The genetic code allowed for the full division of labor between genes and enzymes; the genetic and catalytic alphabets thus became distinct. The presence of a genetic code is an enabling constraint: because protein enzymes do not have to reproduce, they can explore a larger functionality space." https://lnkd.in/dCn67bq View in LinkedIn

STRENGTHENED CONNECTIONS BY SELECTION. "In short, entities that co-occur together ‘wire’ together (and entities that wire together co-occur together)." View in LinkedIn

RELATIONALLY DRIVEN. "We have introduced the term evolutionary connectionism to recognise that, in the same way, evolutionary innovation need not originate from the adaptation of the evolutionary parts per se but from the evolution of the relationships between them. We have argued that this is much more than a superficial analogy between learning and evolution." http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11692-015-9358-z View in LinkedIn

POSITIVE FEEDBACK MODEL. "That is, a connection between two components or nodes in this network causes them to exhibit correlated behaviour, and when nodes have correlated behaviours this causes natural selection to create or strengthen the connection between them." Unpack slowly. http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11692-015-9358-z View in LinkedIn

DECIDUOUS TREES. "Here much of the plant body is made up of dead tissues, the canopy is renewed and discarded every year, root systems turn over, and reproduction takes place repeatedly over decades, centuries or even millennia. In iteroparous species, such as trees and clonal plants, there is a disjunction between the lifespans of the whole and parts." https://lnkd.in/dPac2Jv View in LinkedIn

PLANT DECISIONS. "Somatic tissue senescence, abscission, and the cessation of meristematic activity are all examples of life-and-death decisions made by plants throughout their life cycles. These decisions may affect specific organ systems or, when acting in concert, may lead to the demise of the entire plant." https://lnkd.in/dNWP3KD View in LinkedIn

PROGRAMMED DEATH. "The importance of programmed cell death in animal development is becoming increasingly appreciated, but it is in higher plants that the attrition of cells, tissues, and even whole organ systems plays a continuing role in shaping the organism's architecture and its progression through its life cycle." https://lnkd.in/dNWP3KD View in LinkedIn