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CRYSTALLIZATION. "During this process, the molecules (in this case, water molecules) align themselves to maximize attractive forces and minimize repulsive ones. As a result, the water molecules arrange themselves in predetermined spaces and in a specific arrangement. This process is much like tiling a floor in accordance with a specific pattern: once the pattern is chosen and the first tiles are placed, then all the other tiles must go in predetermined spaces in order to maintain the pattern of symmetry." http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/why-are-snowflakes-symmet/ View in LinkedIn

CONFOUNDING QUESTIONS. "Why are snowflakes symmetrical? How can ice crystallizing on one arm 'know' the shape of the other arms on the flake?" https://lnkd.in/d73nJBi View in LinkedIn

"SNOWFLAKES, like fractals, are generated by recursive subdivision. The structure of iodagyrite flakes observed at the micrometer scale is an eighth-order recursive hexagonal tiling of the atomic structure observed at the scale of the angstrom." Penrose's heaven. https://lnkd.in/difgSBr View in LinkedIn

UNITS OF SELECTION. "The origins of both eukaryotes and multicellularity bolster the conceptualization of the history of life as repeated transitions between levels or units of selection. In the former, bacterial cells formed the collective; in the latter, eukaryotic cells formed the collective." https://lnkd.in/dNEtvR8 View in LinkedIn

TREE FALLING IN THE FOREST. "The radiated acoustic signals generated by the impact of individual snowflakes upon a body of water have a remarkable similarity to each other and differ principally in the frequency of the emitted sound wave. The acoustic signal of a snowflake impact thus generates a characteristic signature for snowfall that is clearly distinct from other forms of precipitation noise." https://lnkd.in/d3aYQU7 View in LinkedIn

SURFACE-VOLUME SOLUTIONS. "Both transitions were initiated by clever engineering solutions to surface-to-volume constraints. In the case of eukaryotes, energy-converting membranes were moved internally. In the case of multicellularity, other surface- and size-dependent processes were facilitated." https://lnkd.in/dNEtvR8 View in LinkedIn

MELT SHAPES. "Here we observe and show theoretically that while the two-dimensional steady melt shapes of ice are bounded by six planes, these planes are not proper facets but instead are rotated 30 degrees from the prism planes of ice. Finally, the transient melting state exposes 12 apparent crystallographic planes thereby differing substantially from the transient growth state." https://lnkd.in/dwdQa8X View in LinkedIn

BIGGER IS MORE FIT. "The origins of both eukaryotes and multicellularity may have been driven by the advantages of larger size (efficient dispersal, exploitation of more or different food sources, producing more offspring, escaping predators, avoidance of the constraints of low Reynolds numbers)." https://lnkd.in/dNEtvR8 View in LinkedIn

SHAPE FORMERS. "It is in the lexicon of crystal growth that the shape of a growing crystal reflects the underlying microscopic architecture. Although it is known that in weakly nonequilibrium conditions the slowest growing orientations ultimately dominate the asymptotic shape, is the same true for melting?" https://lnkd.in/dwdQa8X View in LinkedIn

Screen-based lifestyles in children. https://www.theguardian.com/society/2016/dec/25/experts-call-for-official-guidelines-on-child-screen-use?CMP=Share_iOSApp_Other View in LinkedIn