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GIANT CHUNKS OF NONCODING GENES. "The TEs comprise at least half of the mammalian genomes, and in particular, are found in most lincRNAs." (TE = transposable elements; LincRNA= long intergenic non-coding RNA). https://lnkd.in/dwuaM5f View in LinkedIn

MODIFIED STANDARD DOGMA. "Traditionally, genomes have been perceived mostly as repositories of protein-coding genes. Although this might be largely true in the case of viruses, prokaryotes, and unicellular eukaryotes, numerous recent studies on the genomes of multicellular eukaryotes, particularly animals, have revealed a vast non-coding RNome, i.e., numerous genes encoding various classes of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs)." https://lnkd.in/dwuaM5f View in LinkedIn

POSITIVE ASPECTS. "Multiple lines of evidence indicate that the presence of TEs can result in host adaptation by shaping and reshaping the genome in many different ways." (TE = transposable elements). https://lnkd.in/dwuaM5f View in LinkedIn

ANOTHER PERSPECTIVE. "However, the sheer abundance of TEs in the genome, as well as the variety of mutation effects induced by their mobility, suggest that they might, in some cases, be exapted or domesticated, to serve the evolutionary interests of the host." (TE = transposable elements). https://lnkd.in/dwuaM5f View in LinkedIn

RESHAPING THE HOST GENOME. “Multiple lines of evidence indicate that the presence of TEs can result in host adaptation by shaping and reshaping the genome in many different ways.” (TE = transposable elements). https://lnkd.in/dwuaM5f View in LinkedIn

"THE SELFISH DNA concept of TEs focuses on the parasitic nature of these elements and emphasizes the deleterious effects of transposition as well as the negligible evolutionary benefit that TEs provide to their hosts." (TE = transposable elements). https://lnkd.in/dwuaM5f View in LinkedIn

INSTAR CULLING. "The cost-benefit logic of this type of polyculture husbandry has striking analogies with human farming practices based on slaughtering young animals for meat to maximize milk-production by a carefully regulated adult livestock population." http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/12/106?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+BMCUMCG+(BioMed+Central+Publications+by+University+Medical+Center+Groningen) View in LinkedIn

MEAT VS HONEYDEW. "The ants appear to eat most of the early instar aphids, so that adult aphids are unlikely to face limited phloem resources and scramble competition with other aphids. We suggest that such culling of carbohydrate-providing symbionts for protein ingestion may maintain maximal host yield per aphid while also benefitting the domesticated aphids as long as their clone-mates reproduce successfully." (Instar, a transitory juvenile phase). https://lnkd.in/dYTnMRA) View in LinkedIn

DISEASE REDUCTION. "Our results extend the long-standing view of ants as mutualists and protectors of aphids by demonstrating focused sanitizing and quarantining behaviour that may lead to reduced disease transmission in aphid colonies." http://rsbl.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/early/2009/11/16/rsbl.2009.0743.short View in LinkedIn

DISEASE REDUCTION. "Our results extend the long-standing view of ants as mutualists and protectors of aphids by demonstrating focused sanitizing and quarantining behaviour that may lead to reduced disease transmission in aphid colonies." http://rsbl.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/early/2009/11/16/rsbl.2009.0743.short View in LinkedIn