Category: Uncategorized

UNCHARACTERIZED. “The current knowledge on the functions of long intergenic non-coding RNAs (lincRNAs) is scarce because very few of the lincRNAs have been experimentally characterized.” https://lnkd.in/dwuaM5f View in LinkedIn

EXON AND PROMOTOR CONCENTRATION. “The content of TES in lincRNA genes is substantially greater than in protein-coding genes, particularly in exons and promoter regions.” (TES = TE-derived sequences; lincRNA = long intergenic non-coding RNA). https://lnkd.in/dwuaM5f View in LinkedIn

INTRON CONCENTRATION. “We found that introns of lincRNA genes contain the highest fraction of TES, followed by exons. The promoters of the lincRNAs contain the lowest fraction of TES but the largest fraction of ancient TES that are conserved between primates and rodents.” (TES = Transposable element-derived sequences; lincRNA = long intergenic non-coding RNA). https://lnkd.in/dwuaM5f View in LinkedIn

VIRAL CONTRIBUTION. “The TES are likely to have substantially contributed to evolutionary change in both gene specific and global patterns of mammalian protein-coding gene regulation.” (TES = Transposable element-derived sequences). https://lnkd.in/dwuaM5f View in LinkedIn

VIRAL-DERIVED REGULATORS. “Thus, thousands of human (and other mammalian) genes appear to be regulated, at least in part, by sequences derived from TEs.” (TE = transposable elements). https://lnkd.in/dwuaM5f View in LinkedIn

VIRAL RELICS IN MAN. “Different classes of regulatory regions in the human genome have been surveyed for the presence of TE-derived sequences (TES) to systematically assess the potential contribution of TEs to the regulation of human genes, and almost 25% of the analyzed promoter regions have been found to contain TES.” (TE = transposable elements). https://lnkd.in/dwuaM5f View in LinkedIn

BIRTH OF NEW GENES. “It has been demonstrated that non-autonomous MULEs can capture ectopic genomic sequences, such as gene fragments, and transpose them into new genomic locations, thereby forming putative new gene structures.” (MULEs = Mutator-like transposable elements). http://genomebiology.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13059-016-0954-8 View in LinkedIn

“NEW GENES can be created through various mechanisms, such as whole-genome duplication, small-scale duplication, illegitimate recombination, horizontal gene transfer, gene fusion, de novo origination from non-coding DNA sequence, RNA mediated retrotransposition, and dispersion/origination through TEs.” (TE = transposable elements). https://lnkd.in/dPzCkty View in LinkedIn

“MUTATORS are class II DNA transposable elements (TEs) and have propagated widely across both prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes through a “cut-and-paste” mechanism. The Mutator system was first reported in maize and was later found in other plants, bacteria, fungi and protozoans. Mutator-like transposable elements (MULEs) are especially pervasive in higher plant genomes such as rice (Oryza sativa), in which more than 10,000 copies have been identified.” https://lnkd.in/dPzCkty View in LinkedIn

HYPER-ADAPTION. "This extraordinarily high rate of evolution allows viruses to escape from host immunity and rapidly adapt to a new host when they cross species." http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0042682215000549 View in LinkedIn